Grade 8 CTE B.E.S.T. Standards

Explain the evolution of agriculture. The student will be able to:

Define agriculture.

Identify and research opportunities in agriculture and its related fields through a Foundational SAE.

Explain how commodities have diversified in Florida.

Integrate the use of science, mathematics, reading, geography, history, writing, and communication in agriscience and technology. The student will be able to:

Apply basic mathematics operations to solve agricultural problems.

Correctly use measuring devices and utilize measurements to solve agricultural problems.

Apply the scientific method to solve an agricultural problem.

Prepare written and/or oral materials using correct English grammar.

Identify the main idea in oral presentations and/or written materials.

Locate, organize, and interpret information from a variety of agricultural sources.

Apply knowledge and skills in plant sciences. The student will be able to:

Produce an agricultural plant.

Discuss the technology involved in the development of improved crops.

Identify agribusinesses that provide supplies and services to plant science industries in the state..

Identify the recommended uses and safety precautions from a pesticide label.

Discuss basic landscape design.

Identify pests, pathogens, parasites, and predators of horticultural and agronomic crops.

Describe the major components of soil.

Demonstrate how to read a fertilizer label

Describe various forms of fertilizer and proper application method.

Apply knowledge and skills in Forestry. The student will be able to:

Identify the major forest regions of the United States and Florida.

Describe how trees grow, reproduce, and components of forest health.

Describe the importance of forests and forest products.

Describe tools and techniques common to the forest industry.

Identify pests, pathogens, parasites, and predators of forests.

Apply knowledge and skills in animal sciences. The student will be able to:

Describe the differences between animal welfare and animal rights.

Discuss the technology involved in the development of improved animal products.

Identify important breeds of livestock.

Identify agribusinesses that provide supplies and services to animal science industries in the state.

Describe the uses of livestock and their products.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in food science. The student will be able to:

Demonstrate the proper handling and storage of food products from farm to plate.

Describe and demonstrate at least one method of food preservation.

Conduct a food taste test.

Produce and market a food product.

Read, interpret, and develop a food label.

Describe the components of a balance diet.

Identify and compare USDA standards and grades for agricultural products.

Apply knowledge and skills in biotechnology. The student will be able to:

Define biotechnology.

Discuss current and future uses of genetic engineering.

Identify issues associated with biotechnology.

Explain the history of genetic engineering and biotechnology in agriculture.

Apply knowledge and skills in agricultural processing and marketing. The student will be able to:

Identify processing and packaging techniques used in agriculture.

Discuss the difference in marketing strategies between perishable and nonperishable commodities.

Describe how processing, packaging, and marketing affects the price of an item.

Recognize misleading advertising.

Describe how competition benefits the consumer.

Apply knowledge and skills in natural resources. The student will be able to:

Identify methods or practices of the conservation natural resources.

Demonstrate a method or practice of conservation.

Identify major ecosystems in Florida.

Discuss the importance of the ecosystems to agriculture, society and each other.

Define Best Management Practices (BMPs) and explain their benefits to agriculture.

Apply leadership and communication skills. The student will be able to:

Discuss the establishment and history of the FFA organization.

Identify the characteristics and responsibilities of organizational leaders.

Identify parliamentary procedure skills during a business meeting.

Demonstrate effective communication skills through delivery of a speech or conducting a demonstration.

Identify communication skills necessary for effective leadership.

Identify state and community organizations associated with agricultural promotion.

Summarize the evolution of production agriculture. The student will be able to:

Describe the importance of agriculture on a world, national, state and community scale.

Distinguish the major agricultural production areas of the United States.

Distinguish agriculture products produced in Florida.

Interpret how changes in production practices, population, and land use have influenced the agriculture economy.

Demonstrate how development of new technology has affected agriculture production.

Examine the changes in agriculture careers that reflect the changes in production methods.

Differentiate between animal welfare and ethical treatment of animals. The student will be able to:

Describe the proper handling of production animals.

Compare animal welfare and animal rights.

Explain how animal welfare and animal rights advocate groups impact production agriculture.

Summarize animal cruelty and the consequences of cruel treatment of animals.

Explain skills and principles used in dairy production. The student will be able to:

Explain the difference between breeds of dairy cattle.

Demonstrate knowledge of proper health and nutrition for dairy animals.

Explain the safety procedures used for dairy products.

Compare different styles of dairies and milking parlors.

Identify the varieties of dairy products and the methods of processing.

Create a dairy product.

Explain skills and principles used in livestock production. The student will be able to:

Compare the different breeds of livestock.

Differentiate the different cuts and grading of meat.

Evaluate proper health and nutrition for livestock animals.

Demonstrate knowledge of terminology for animals based on species and condition (eg. age, sex, bred, etc…)

Determine different reproduction methods, and the process of selective breeding.

Explain how the use of biotechnology has impacted the livestock industry.

Explain skills and principles used in poultry production. The student will be able to:

Compare different types of poultry and their uses in production agriculture.

Differentiate proper techniques for classification and grading of poultry and poultry products.

Describe proper safe handling techniques for poultry products.

Evaluate knowledge of health and nutrition for poultry.

Explain how the use of biotechnology has impacted the poultry industry.

Explain skills and principles used in aquaculture production. The student will be able to:

Compare the different breeds of aquatic species.

Evaluate proper health and nutrition for aquatic species.

Demonstrate knowledge of terminology for aquatic species.

Determine different reproduction methods.

Explain how the use of biotechnology has impacted the aquatic species industry.

Explain skills and principles used in vegetable production. The student will be able to:

Produce a vegetable crop.

Compare the components of soil.

Perform a soil test.

Describe how climate can affect crop production.

Compile knowledge of growing seasons for a geographic region.

Explain the use of Best Management Practices in crop production.

Model the safety precautions on a pesticide and fertilizer label.

Investigate the impact of pests on crop yields.

Assess proper irrigation methods for crops.

Analyze knowledge of harvesting techniques and equipment

Compare types of storage facilities.

Explain how the use of biotechnology has impacted vegetable crop production.

Explain skills and principles used in nursery production. The student will be able to:

Perform plant propagation.

Develop a growing schedule for nursery plants.

Model methods for Integrated Pest Management.

Compare types of growing media.

Identify nutrients necessary for plant growth from the periodic table and their functions.

Identify plants based on common and scientific names.

Describe principles for plant growth.

Explain different methods of irrigation.

Explain how the use of biotechnology has impacted plant production.

Apply scientific and technical skills in production agriculture. The student will be able to:

Formulate scientifically investigable questions, construct investigations, collect and evaluate data, and develop scientific recommendations based on findings.

Employ technological tools to expedite workflow including word processing, databases, reports, spreadsheets, multimedia presentations, electronic calendar, contacts, email, and internet applications

Manage leadership and communication skills. The student will be able to:

Discuss the establishment and history of the FFA organization.

Compare the characteristics and responsibilities of organizational leaders.

Demonstrate parliamentary procedure skills during a meeting.

Participate on a committee which has an assigned task and report to the class.

Demonstrate effective communication skills through delivery of a speech or conducting a demonstration.

Use a computer to assist in the completion of an agricultural project.

Demonstrate good work habits, and career planning in agriculture production. The student will be able to:

Identify attitudes and habits necessary to achieve career success.

Describe personality aspects to consider when choosing a career.

Identify the basic steps in career planning.

Identify and research career opportunities in agriculture and its related fields through a Foundational SAE.

Integrate the use of science, mathematics, reading, geography, history, writing, and communication in production agriculture. The student will be able to:

Apply basic mathematics operations to solve agricultural problems.

Correctly use measuring devices and utilize measurements to solve agricultural problems.

Prepare written and/or oral materials using correct English grammar.

Identify the main idea in oral presentations and/or written materials.

Locates, organizes, and interprets information from a variety of agricultural sources.

Describe the historical evolution of agriculture.

Select and study a problem that can be tested under controlled conditions to establish a hypothesis or to illustrate a known law.

Identify components of network systems. The student will be able to:

Identify structure to access internet, including hardware and software components.

Identify and configure user customization features in web browsers, including preferences, caching, and cookies.

Recognize essential database concepts.

Define and use additional networking and internet services.

Describe and use communication features of information technology. The student will be able to:

Define important internet communications protocols and their roles in delivering basic Internet services.

Identify basic principles of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Identify security issues related to Internet clients.

Identify the importance of agriscience. The student will be able to:

Define agriscience and explain its diversity and scope.

Describe the importance of agriculture on a world, national, state, and community scale.

Describe the importance of agriculture in each individual's life.

Collect and discuss information on current agricultural events.

Trace the evolution of agriscience from its beginnings to current applications.

Identify the major agricultural production areas and the major commodities produced in the United States and Florida.

Describe the diversity of career opportunities in agriculture and its related fields through a Foundational SAE.

Describe the relationship between natural resources and agriculture.

Describe technology used in agricultural production, processing, and marketing of agricultural products.

Identify and practice agriculture safety skills. The student will be able to:

Identify procedures for safely using equipment.

Identify and use proper personal protective equipment (PPE).

Describe proper procedures for safety in agriculture classroom, laboratory, and land-laboratory.

Describe the importance of plants and animals in agriculture. The student will be able to:

Identify plants important to agriculture.

Identify animals important to agriculture.

Demonstrate the proper handling and ethical care of animals.

Describe animal rights and animal welfare.

Compare organic farming and conventional farming.

Identify conditions necessary for agricultural production.

Evaluate proper health and nutrition for livestock animals.

Compare companion animals and livestock animals

Identify the agricultural source of consumer products.

Trace the development of an agricultural product from the producer to the consumer.

Use selected techniques to produce finished products from agricultural materials. The student will be able to:

Complete a project safely using the appropriate agricultural tools, machinery, or equipment.

Prepare and process an agricultural product.

Propagate horticulture plants.

Describe leadership and communication skills. The student will be able to:

Describe the aims and purposes of the FFA organization.

Identify opportunities available to FFA members.

Define leadership and different leadership styles.

Define communication and identify methods of communication

Prepare and present and extemporaneous speech.

Integrate the use of science, mathematics, reading, geography, history, writing, and communication in agriscience and technology. The student will be able to:

Apply basic mathematics operations to solve agricultural problems.

Correctly use measuring devices and utilize measurements to solve agricultural problems.

Prepare written and oral materials using correct English grammar.

Identify the main idea in oral presentations and written materials.

Locates, organizes, and interprets information from a variety of agricultural sources.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in agriscience research. The student will be able to:

Define agriscience.

Describe products of agriscience.

Define the scope of research in agriscience.

Discuss the impact of research on agriculture on consumer opinion.

Identify the steps of the scientific method.

Apply the scientific method to solve an agricultural problem.

Integrate the use of science, mathematics, reading, geography, history, writing and communication in agriscience and technology. The student will be able to:

Apply basic mathematic operations to solve agricultural problems.

Correctly use measuring instruments and utilize measurements to solve agricultural problems.

Prepare written and oral materials using correct English grammar.

Identify the main idea in oral presentations and written materials.

10.05 Locate, organize, and interpret information from a variety of agricultural sources.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in the importance of agriculture. The student will be able to:

Describe the historical evolution of agriculture and its impact on civilization.

Discuss the scope of agriculture and its impact on daily life.

Identify specific areas of commodity production in the state, nation and world.

Describe the diversity of career opportunities in agriculture and its related fields through a Foundational SAE.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in agriscience laboratories and workshops. The student will be able to:

Identify tools, machines and equipment used in agriculture.

Demonstrates proper laboratory/ workshop safety techniques.

Complete a project demonstrating the safe use of agricultural tools, machinery or equipment.

Discuss the impact of agricultural mechanization and engineering on society.

Conduct an experiment using proper laboratory techniques.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in plant sciences. The student will be able to:

Distinguish between horticulture, forestry, and agronomy.

Propagate and grow an agricultural plant.

Identify supplies and services industries related to plant science.

Develop a specimen collection of local plant materials.

Demonstrate proper planting techniques.

Discuss organic agriculture and conventional agriculture as it relates to plants.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in animal sciences. The student will be able to:

Distinguish between food, service and companion animals.

Identify breeds of food, service and companion animals.

Identify supplies and services industries related to animal science.

Identify the needs of an animal and describe and describe proper care for that animal.

Identify consumer foods and products derived from animals.

Discuss organic and conventional agriculture as it relates to livestock production.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in food science. The student will be able to:

Describe the proper handling techniques and storage of food products from farm to plate.

List and explain methods of food preservation.

Conduct a food taste test.

Develop a production and marketing plan for a food product.

Read and interpret a food label.

Demonstrate product knowledge and skills in agricultural processing and marketing. The student will be able to:

Define agricultural product processing and marketing.

Describe the processing and marketing of an agriculture product from farm to consumer.

Prepare, process, and market an agricultural product.

Demonstrate knowledge and skills in natural resources. The student will be able to:

Define and identify renewable and nonrenewable natural resources.

Describe agricultural management practices that conserve natural resources.

Describe effects of pollution on the environment.

Demonstrate how to recycle or conserve a natural resource.

Demonstrate leadership and communication skills. The student will be able to:

Describe the aims and purposes of the FFA organization.

Identify opportunities available to FFA members.

Identify characteristics of a good leader.

Participate in a cooperative leadership development activity or FFA Career Development Event.

Identify the importance of effective communication skills.

Demonstrate effective communication skills.

Identify a variety of fabrics through tactile activities.

Compare and contrast natural and synthetic fibers and fabrics.

Recognize different types of fabric construction.

Identify the appropriate use or purpose of a variety of fabric types.

Identify the characteristics and care of textiles.

Define and illustrate the elements of design.

Describe a color wheel and its use in design.

Recognize basic color schemes.

Research the psychology of color.

Define and illustrate the principles of design.

Explain how environmental factors impact design.

Explain the elements and principles of design.

Define green design, sustainable design, and life cycle cost.

Research eco-friendly design products.

Examine the positive and negative impact that a design product has on the environment.

Identify the parts of a sewing machine and state the purpose of each part.

Demonstrate mathematical skills related to sewing.

Demonstrate the threading of a sewing machine.

Demonstrate straight stitching.

Identify and demonstrate various stitch length and width selections.

Interpret written instructions and construct a basic sewing project.

Demonstrate basic sewing skills.

Explain the impact of trends and social climates on fashion styles.

Identify appropriate clothing styles for various events.

Identify the factors that impact clothing costs.

Demonstrate the procedure for recording accurate body measurements.

Analyze proper fit.

Analyze clothing choices

Select materials and supplies for a fashion project.

Calculate the costs of a given fashion project.

Interpret written directions for constructing a fashion project.

Apply mathematical skills and construct a fashion project.

Develop a project related to fashion

Explain the impact of political and social climates on decorating styles.

Identify characteristics of furnishing styles.

Identify factors that impact furnishing choices.

Analyze interior design choices.

Apply the principals and elements of design in selecting an interior design project.

Calculate the costs of an interior design project.

Interpret written directions for assembling and constructing an interior design project.

Apply mathematical skills and construct an interior design project.

Develop a project related to interior design.

Identify technology utilized in the design industry.

Analyze technology trends impacting the design industry.

Utilize technology.

Utilize technology as it relates to the design industry.

Identify roles and responsibilities of members of professional and community service organizations, including career and technical student organizations (CTSO).

Work cooperatively as a group member to demonstrate leadership and achieve organizational goals.

Demonstrate leadership roles and organizational responsibilities.

Identify and utilize the planning process.

Develop a personal growth project.

Demonstrate leadership skills.

Describe why communication is the basis for all relationships.

Distinguish between different forms of communication (e.g. assertive, passive, aggressive, etc.).

Demonstrate communication skills that promote positive relationships in the workplace.

Practice active listening skills.

Demonstrate conflict resolution skills.

Identify and apply effective communication skills.

Describe careers in the design industry.

Classify careers from entry level to professional level.

Explore entrepreneurship opportunities in the design industry.

Research and present information on a design career to include roles and responsibilities, employment opportunities, and education and training requirements.

Analyze careers in the related industry

Identify and select the appropriate tool for the assignment.

Demonstrate the proper and safe use of tools and equipment.

Demonstrate care and maintenance of tools and equipment.

Select and use tools and equipment.

Identify personal talents and abilities that can contribute to positive self-esteem and success in the workplace.

Identify and practice teamwork skills.

Identify and practice employability skills.

Practice positive work ethics and identify negative work ethics that can contribute to success in the workplace.

Identify the work-related expectations of an employer-employee relationship.

Apply math, reading, science, and critical thinking skills as they relate to industry.

Demonstrate employability skills.

Identify the steps of the decision-making process.

Distinguish between a need and a want.

Explain how values and goals affect decisions.

Develop a budget and savings plan.

Analyze the relationship between resources and the attainment of lifestyle goals.

Demonstrate the skills involved in effective resource management.

Develop and apply keyboarding skills utilizing current technology.

Develop and apply word processing skills utilizing current technology.

Develop and apply electronic presentation skills utilizing current technology.

Identify and understand computer hardware.

Perform activities using the worldwide web.

Develop and utilize business-related soft skills.

Describe how information technology is used in the Business, Management and Administration career cluster.

Use information technology tools.

Identify components of network systems.

Describe and use communication features of information technology.

Identify and understand computer hardware. The student will be able to:

Define and identify input, output, and storage devices and their functions.

Define and identify memory in a computer.

Describe and use communication features of information technology. The student will be able to:

Identify security and privacy issues related to the Internet, including passwords and information theft.

Identify and/or use various ways to communicate effectively using internet technology, such as email, webcast, website, webpage, messaging, social networks, and blogging.

Identify information technology tools and their proper uses. The student will be able to:

Define and identify various software applications (word processing, spreadsheets, database, presentation, digital publishing) and their uses.

Develop and apply keyboarding skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Demonstrate proper keyboarding techniques using correct ergonomic habits.

Demonstrate safety and respect for equipment materials in lab.

Demonstrate proper techniques for alphanumeric keyboarding while keeping fingers on home row keys.

Develop and apply word processing skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Start and exit word processing software.

Apply different views to a document – select zoom options, document view, split windows, arrange windows, and switch windows.

Move text in a document using the copying/cutting/pasting and drag/drop text commands.

Apply tabs, line spacing and paragraph indents.

Align text horizontally and vertically.

Apply character attributes – font, font size, font color, underline, bold, italic, and text effects.

Apply styles in a document.

Utilize the undo and redo commands.

Utilize the show/hide command.

Use find and replace.

Utilize the format painter.

Utilize the text highlight feature in a document – select highlight color.

Insert date and time.

Insert and manipulate graphics, word art and text boxes.

Insert and remove a manual page break in a document.

Create bulleted and numbered lists.

Create a table – inserting, moving, and entering data.

Format a table – insert/delete columns, rows, and cells and merge cells.

Format a table – changing column/ row width/ height.

Apply table alignment on document – horizontally and vertically

Apply text and number alignment within a table.

Use table tools – change table styles, apply borders, and shading.

Set the page layout in a document – margins, page orientation, and page size.

Change the page background – insert a watermark, page border, and change the page color.

Create headers and footers in a document.

Use spell/grammar check/thesaurus programs properly.

Use basic proofreading skills including proofreader’s marks.

Understand the difference between save and save as.

Save a document – specify file name and location.

Save a document in a different format, e.g., PDF, webpage, and jpeg.

Understand printing options including printer selection, scale to fit, and page number selection.

Develop and apply electronic presentation skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Start and exit presentation software.

Apply fill effects, lines and shapes.

Demonstrate ability to order, group and rotate objects.

Demonstrate ability to animate graphics.

Apply slide transitions and timings.

Incorporate text, tables, charts and graphic transitions into document.

Add sound using various media e.g., internet and/or files.

Apply action buttons.

Insert a hyperlink.

Rearrange slide order through slide sorter.

Create note page to aid in oral presentation of slide show.

Customize timing and rehearsing to coordinate with oral presentation.

Save a presentation in a different format, e.g., PDF and webpage.

Demonstrate the ability to spell check and print presentations using different settings.

Demonstrate presentation skills.

Develop and apply spreadsheet skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Start and exit spreadsheet software.

Identify the parts of the spreadsheet screen, e.g., ribbon, status bar, title bar, insertion point, scroll box and bar, and tabs.

Create a new worksheet.

Change column width and row height.

Format the contents of a cell, i.e., change fonts and font sizes, align text, and format numbers.

Merge cells.

Use undo and redo commands.

AutoFormat the worksheet if available. AutoFormat applies borders, shading, and data formatting.

Use the auto sum feature.

Create a chart.

Develop and utilize business-related skills. The student will be able to:

Demonstrate an understanding of the importance of a positive attitude in obtaining and maintaining a job.

Identify grooming/dress standards in various workplace environments.

Demonstrate problem solving skills.

Demonstrate an awareness of teamwork.

Make an impromptu presentation.

Make a prepared presentation.

Collaborate and effectively use teamwork to present in a group.

Perform activities using the worldwide web. The student will be able to:

Identify and define Internet vocabulary such as hyperlink, WWW, URL, and web browser.

Understand basic principles of the Doman Name System (DNS).

Perform basic Internet searches.

Identify and use various web browsers.

Copy and paste from browser to other applications.

Identify and use various search engines.

Evaluate websites.

Understand favorites/bookmarks.

Understand and demonstrate Internet safety.

Discuss Internet privacy, ethics, network etiquette and copyright laws.

Download files.

Download graphics.

Describe how information technology is used in the Business, Management and Administration career cluster. The student will be able to:

Identify through internet research information technology (IT) careers in the Business, Management and Administration career cluster, including the responsibilities, tasks and skills they require.

Identify security-related ethical and legal IT issues faced by professionals in the Business, Management and Administration career cluster.

Develop and apply spreadsheet skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Apply cell borders and shading.

Add a header and footer.

Rotate text in a cell.

Create a formula using mathematical operations.

Create a formula using more than one mathematical operation.

Create a formula finding maximum, minimum and average.

Format a chart changing the font size, component colors and rotation of charts for graphical emphasis.

Insert a picture in a worksheet.

Develop and apply digital design skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Apply special formatting including, but not limited to adding gradients to frames, text wrapping and positioning.

Insert graphics from files.

Create new document without using templates.

Ability to save graphics to file.

Demonstrate proficiency in advanced print layout options.

Develop and apply database skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Start and exit database software. Save a database in various formats i.e., file types.

Identify the parts of the database screen.

View the database window and use the navigation pane. Open an object in design view or layout view.

Create a table.

Enter records in datasheet view.

Change the column width in a datasheet. Use hide, unhide, freeze and unfreeze fields.

Add and delete fields and create relationships between tables.

Create and modify fields, for example specify text, numbers, currency, and yes/no.

Sort and filter record (use autofilter, filter by selection, and by form).

Create a report.

Develop and apply web design skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Identify and describe the various components of the Internet, including, WWW, email, FTP, and URL.

Understand the difference between web browser and search engine.

Describe the difference between a client and the various types of servers, including web servers.

Follow copyright laws.

Demonstrate an understanding of file storage and the path to describe the location of a document.

Describe how XHTML has altered the structure of HTML.

Identify and describe basic HTML/ XHTML terminology.

Identify and describe basic HTML/ XHTML tags.

Identify the elements of a webpage.

Produce a webpage using basic HTML tags, including but not limited to, links, anchors, lists, tables, background and fonts.

Include graphics in a webpage.

Use the Internet to find free components for a webpage such as Javascript, java applets, and banners.

Create a webpage for others to see.

Develop and utilize business-related skills. The student will be able to:

Classify characteristics of a positive attitude in the workplace.

Understand the importance of proper grooming and appearance for the workplace.

Apply problem solving skills to troubleshoot computer problems.

Identify brainstorming techniques.

Apply impromptu and/or prepared presentation skills.

Research sources of employment.

List employment benefits.

Identify child labor laws.

Identify appropriate procedures for changing jobs.

Discuss importance of being prepared to complete a job application.

Discuss employer expectations toward prospective and current employees.

Discuss the value of sharpening technology skills as the workplace environment changes.

Prepare a list of strategies for communicating in multicultural settings.

Analyze the importance of good work habits for success in the workplace.

Identify information technology tools and their proper uses. The student will be able to:

Define and identify various software applications (word processing, spreadsheets, database, presentation, digital publishing) and their uses.

Identify the functions of web browsers, and use them to access the World Wide Web and other computer resources typically used in the Business, Management and Administration career cluster.

Use different web search engines effectively to locate information relevant to the Business, Management and Administration career cluster.

Understand how email clients send simple messages and files to other Internet users.

Identify components of network systems. The student will be able to:

Identify structure to access internet, including hardware and software components.

Identify user customization features in web browsers, including preferences, caching, bookmarks/ favorites and cookies.

Recognize essential database concepts.

Describe how information technology is used in the Business Management and Administration career cluster. The student will be able to:

Identify through Internet research information technology (IT) careers in the Business Management and Administration career cluster, including the responsibilities, tasks and skills they require.

Identify security-related ethical and legal IT issues faced by professionals in the Business Management and Administration career cluster.

Describe and use communication features of information technology. The student will be able to:

Define important Internet communications protocols and their roles in delivering basic Internet services.

Identify basic principles of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Identify security issues related to Internet clients.

Identify and use principles of personal information management (PIM), including common applications.

Identify and understand webcasting and related services.

Demonstrate ways to communicate effectively using Internet technology, such as email, webcast, websites, webpage, messaging, social networks, and blogging.

Identify information technology tools and their proper uses. The student will be able to:

Identify the functions of web browsers, and use them to access the World Wide Web and other computer resources typically used in the Business, Management and Administration career cluster.

Understand how e-mail clients send simple messages and files to other Internet users.

Use different web search engines effectively to locate information relevant to the Business, Management and Administration career cluster.

Define and identify various software applications (word processing, spreadsheets, database, presentation, digital publishing) and their uses.

Develop and apply database skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Start and exit a database software.

Use the navigation pane/change the view of an objects in the navigation pane.

Create a database from a template

Edit records in datasheet view.

Add and delete records in datasheet view.

Cut, copy, and paste data in datasheet view.

Change the datasheet layout.

Hide columns in a table.

Create a table in design view/create and modify fields (or a field) in a datasheet.

Create a form and enter and edit data in a form.

Use form layout tools to modify a database design, arrangement and format (themes, fonts, colors).

Create a query. Save a database in a different format (i.e., file types).

Develop and apply web design skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Produce a Web page using basic HTML tags, including but not limited to, links, anchors, lists, tables, background and fonts.

Define principles of acceptable web design.

Understand how different web browsers interpret pages.

Understand the role of plug-ins.

Understand graphic, audio, and movie file formats and how they affect file size.

Use animated graphics, audio and video files in a webpage.

Use image editing software to create and edit images.

Demonstrate an understanding of compressing and decompressing files.

Understand the importance of regular file backup.

Create a webpage for others to see.

Develop and apply programming skills utilizing current technology. The student will be able to:

Give a brief history of computers.

Describe how hardware and software make up computer architecture.

Understand the binary representation of data and programs in computers.

Discuss the evolution of programming languages.

Describe the software development process.

Describe the fundamental concepts of object-oriented programming.

Discuss the importance of the selected programming language.

Describe the structure of a simple program.

Write a simple program.

Edit, compile, and run a program.

Format a program for visual effects.

Identify compile-time errors.

Develop and utilize business-related skills. The student will be able to:

Classify the characteristics of a positive attitude in the workplace.

Understand the importance of proper grooming and appearance for the workplace.

Utilize problem solving skills in programming areas.

Utilize brainstorming techniques to solve a problem.

Apply impromptu and/or prepared presentation skills.

Research sources of employment.

Discuss employment benefits.

Discuss child labor laws.

Evaluate appropriate procedures for changing jobs.

Evaluate a quality completed job application.

Identify characteristics of ethical behavior in the workplace.

Understand the importance of personal integrity in the workplace.

Develop an understanding of the skills that transfer from school to work.

Identify components of network systems. The student will be able to:

Identify structure to access internet, including hardware and software components.

Identify user customization features in web browsers, including preferences, caching, bookmarks/ favorites and cookies.

Recognize essential database concepts.

Describe how information technology is used in the Business Management and Administration career cluster. The student will be able to:

Identify through Internet research information technology (IT) careers in the Business Management and Administration career cluster, including the responsibilities, tasks and skills they require.

Identify security-related ethical and legal IT issues faced by professionals in the Business Management and Administration career cluster.

Describe and use communication features of information technology. The student will be able to:

Define important Internet communications protocols and their roles in delivering basic Internet services.

Identify basic principles of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Identify security issues related to Internet clients.

Identify and use principles of personal information management (PIM), including common applications.

Identify and understand webcasting and related services.

Demonstrate ways to communicate effectively using Internet technology, such as email, webcast, website, webpage, messaging, social networks, and blogging.

Develop and apply keyboarding skills utilizing current technology.

Demonstrate speed building using techniques for numeric and symbol keyboarding.

Demonstrate proper hand positioning for numeric keypad entries and symbol keyboarding.

Develop and apply word processing skills utilizing current technology.

Create and format memos.

Create and format business letters using the block and/or modified block style.

Create and format one-page academic and/or business reports using Modern Language Association (MLA) style.

Use basic proofreading skills including using proofreader’s marks.

Identify how to address and print envelopes.

Insert a hyperlink into a document.

Understand and use Read-Only documents.

Work with multi-page documents: insert page breaks.

Format columns within a document.

Work with document templates.

Open and work with multiple documents.

Develop and apply spreadsheet skills utilizing current technology.

Insert and delete rows and columns.

Clear and delete data.

Copy and move data.

Fill the same data in adjacent cells.

Fill data series in adjacent cells.

Hide and unhide columns and rows.

Freeze and unfreeze columns and rows.

Sort data.

Print the worksheet, with and without grids.

Create a chart.

Develop and apply digital design skills utilizing current technology.

Demonstrate ability to launch digital design software.

Create a new document from a template (e.g., newsletters, brochures, greeting cards, letterhead, or flyers).

Identify menus and toolbars of digital design software.

Apply design layout and color scheme.

Apply styles and borders.

Insert a text box, word art and graphics.

Apply formatting to a text box, word art and graphics.

Edit text and layouts.

Demonstrate the ability to spell check, save, and print a document.

Develop and utilize business-related skills

Determine why a positive attitude is necessary for success in the workplace.

Compare grooming/dress standards in various workplace environments.

Use problem solving skills to identify computer problems.

Apply teamwork in the classroom.

Perform an impromptu and/ or prepared presentation.

Prepare a resume and cover letter.

Prepare a thank you letter to a potential employer.

Discuss job searching skills.

Identify employment benefits.

Understand labor laws.

Understand appropriate procedures for changing jobs.

Complete a job application.

Demonstrate skills and appropriate dress/attire necessary for a successful job interview.

Identify components of network systems.

Identify structure to access internet, including hardware and software components.

Identify user customization features in web browsers, including preferences, caching, bookmarks/ favorites and cookies.

Define database and identify how it is used in the business environment.

Perform activities using the worldwide web.

Identify basic principles of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Perform advanced searches using Boolean operators.

Discuss email, email attachments, address book, and calendars.

Discuss instant messaging.

Describe how information technology is used in the Business Management and Administration career cluster.

Identify through internet research information technology (IT) careers in the Business Management and Administration career cluster, including the responsibilities, tasks and skills they require.

Identify security-related ethical and legal IT issues faced by professionals in the Business Management and Administration career cluster.

Describe and use communication features of information technology

Define important internet communications protocols and their roles in delivering basic Internet services.

Identify security and privacy issues related to the Internet, including passwords and information theft.

Demonstrate ways to communicate effectively using Internet technology, such as email, webcast, website, webpage, messaging, social networks, and blogging.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.--The student will be able to:

Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Explain how technology is closely linked with creativity, which has resulted in innovation.

Demonstrate how corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and advertising it.

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.--The student will be able to:

10.01 Use troubleshooting as a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system.

10.02 Describe invention as a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems and innovation as the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.

10.03 Identify technological problems that are best solved through experimentation.

Demonstrate the abilities to apply the design process.--The student will be able to:

Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.

Specify criteria and constraints for the design.

Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.

Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria and constraints, and refine as needed.

Make a product or system and document the solution.

Demonstrate the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and understand how things work.

Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.

Use computers and calculators in various applications.

Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.

Demonstrate the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Design and use instruments to gather data.

Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or negative effects of a technology.

Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.

Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is useful.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe communication systems made up of a source, encoder, transmitter, receiver, decoder, and destination (e.g. phonetic alphabet).

Use symbols, measurements, and drawings to promote clear communication by providing a common language to express ideas (e.g. airport symbols and signs).

Demonstrate an understanding of the core concepts of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe technological systems including input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.

Apply systems thinking, involving considering how every part relates to others.

Identify control systems having no feedback path and requiring human intervention, and control systems using feedback.

Explain how technological systems can be connected to one another.

Repair malfunctions of any part of a system that may affect the function and quality of the system.

Compare and contrast requirements or parameters placed on the development of a product or system.

Compare and contrast trade-offs as a decision process recognizing the need for careful compromises among competing factors.

Describe different technologies that involve different sets of processes.

Perform basic maintenance as the process of inspecting and servicing a product or system on a regular basis in order for it to continue functioning properly, to extend its life, or to upgrade its capability.

Utilize controls and mechanisms or particular steps that people perform using information about the system that causes systems to change.

Demonstrate proper and safe procedures while working with technological tools, apparatus, equipment, systems, and materials.--The student will be able to:

Follow classroom/laboratory safety rules and procedures.

Demonstrate good housekeeping at workstations within a classroom/laboratory.

Conduct classroom/laboratory activities and equipment operations in a safe manner.

Exercise care and respect for all tools, equipment, and materials.

Select appropriate tools, machines, and equipment to accomplish a given task.

Identify color-coding safety standards.

Safely use hand tools and power equipment.

Explain fire prevention and safety precautions and practices for extinguishing fires.

Identify harmful effects/potential dangers of familiar hazardous substances/devices to people and the environment.

Exhibit positive human relations and leadership skills.--The student will be able to:

Perform roles in a student personnel system or in a career and technical student organization (CTSO).

Work cooperatively with others.

Describe the influences that societal, economic, and technological changes have on employment trends and future training.

Develop skills to locate, evaluate, and interpret career information.

Identify and demonstrate processes for making short and long term goals.

Demonstrate employability skills such as working in a group, problem-solving and organizational skills, and the importance of entrepreneurship.

Understand the relationship between educational achievement and career choices/postsecondary options.

Identify a career cluster and related pathways through an interest assessment that match career and education goals.

Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.--The student will be able to:

Modify the way technological systems interact with one another.

Apply a product, system, or environment developed for one setting in another setting.

Explain how knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of technological products and systems.

Develop a career and education plan that includes short and long-term goals, high school program of study, and postsecondary/career goals.

Demonstrate knowledge of technology and its application in career fields/clusters.

Discuss educational and training requirements as they relate to various aerospace careers.--The student will be able to:

Research and identify various aerospace career choices.

Discuss individual interests related to a career.

List occupations, job requirements, and job opportunities in aerospace technology.

List occupational training programs and academic programs at the secondary/postsecondary levels in aerospace technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify the ways that use of technology affects humans, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes about technology’s development and use.

Explain that technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad; but decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.

Identify ethical issues associated with the development and use of technology.

Identify the economic, political, and cultural issues that are influenced by the development and use of technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use aerospace technologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe subsystems of aerospace vehicles, such as structural, propulsion, suspension, guidance, control, and support that must function together for a system to work effectively.

Employ processes, such as receiving, holding, storing, loading, moving, unloading, delivering, evaluating, marketing, managing, communicating, and using conventions that are necessary for the entire transportation system to operate efficiently.

Demonstrate knowledge of the basic principles of aerostatics and aerodynamics.--The student will be able to:

Define terminology associated with aerostatics and aerodynamics.

Explain how buoyancy principles affect an object in a fluid.

Explain how Bernoulli's Principle applies to an object in flight.

Identify and describe basic forces acting on an object in flight.

Build an aerostatic vehicle.

Build an aerodynamic vehicle.

Identify and demonstrate knowledge of both liquid and solid propellant rocket propulsion systems.--The student will be able to:

Define technical terminology associated with propulsion systems.

Identify parts of a solid-propellant rocket engine.

Identify parts of a liquid-propellant rocket engine.

Discuss the principles of rocket propulsion.

Construct a solid- or liquid- propellant model rocket.

Define and describe the stages and forms of interference in basic satellite systems.--The student will be able to:

Become familiar with the basic information provided by a sectional chart.--The student will be able to:

Extract and utilize information from an aeronautical chart legend.

Describe the basic functions and advantages of a communications satellite.

Identify locations on an aeronautical chart using latitude and longitude

Describe the basic functions and advantages of a weather satellite.

Differentiate between statute and nautical miles.

Describe the basic functions and advantages of a navigation satellite.

Determine a course and distance between two points on an aeronautical chart using a navigational plotter.

Describe and define different categories of aviation.--The student will be able to:

Describe military aviation and be able to identify military aircraft types and missions.

Define general aviation (including business and executive) and be able identify general aviation aircraft types.

Define air carrier and be able identify air carrier aircraft types.

Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.--The student will be able to:

Describe the management of waste produced by technological systems as an important societal issue.

Describe how technologies can be used to repair damage and to break down waste from the use of various products and systems.

Make decisions about the development and use of technologies that put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with one another.

Describe the development of technologies that has resulted from the demands, values, and interests of individuals, businesses, industries, and societies.

Describe changes in society and the creation of new needs and wants caused by the use of inventions and innovations.

Understand social and cultural priorities and values that are reflected in technological devices.

Explain how meeting societal expectations is the driving force behind the acceptance and use of products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the influence of technology on history.--The student will be able to:

Identify inventions and innovations that have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and refinements.

Explain how the specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.

Identify the design and construction of structures for service or convenience evolving from the development of techniques for measurement, controlling systems, and the understanding of spatial relationships.

Investigate how, that in the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge of science.

Demonstrate an understanding of the attributes of design.--The student will be able to:

Use design as a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.

Explain why there is no perfect design.

Evaluate criteria and constraints that are requirements for a design.

Demonstrate an understanding of engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Utilize the design process involving a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and repeated as needed.

Employ brainstorming as a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Model, test, evaluate and modify designs to transform ideas into practical solutions.

Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.--The student will be able to:

Develop new products and systems to solve problems or to help do things that could not be done without the help of technology.

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Explain how technology is closely linked with creativity, which has resulted in innovation.

(Explain, Demonstrate) how corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and advertising it.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.--The student will be able to:

Use troubleshooting as a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system.

Describe invention as a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems and innovation as the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.

Identify technological problems that are best solved through experimentation.

Demonstrate the abilities to apply the design process.--The student will be able to:

Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.

Specify criteria and constraints for the design.

Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.

Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria and constraints, and refine as needed.

Make a product or system and document the solution.

Demonstrate the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and understand how things work.

Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.

Use computers and calculators in various applications.

Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.

Demonstrate the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Design and use instruments to gather data.

Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or negative effects of a technology.

Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.

Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is useful.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies.--The student will be able to:

Create information and communication that allow information to be transferred from human to human, human to machine, machine to machine, and machine to human.

Consider factors that influence the design of a message, such as the intended audience, medium, purpose, and nature of the message.

Use symbols, measurements, and drawings to promote clear communication by providing a common language to express ideas.

Demonstrate an understanding of the core concepts of technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify technological systems including input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.

Apply systems thinking, involving considering how every part relates to others.

Demonstrate proper and safe procedures while working with technological tools, apparatus, equipment, systems, and materials.--The student will be able to:

Follow classroom/laboratory safety rules and procedures.

Demonstrate good housekeeping at workstations within a classroom/laboratory.

Conduct classroom/laboratory activities and equipment operations in a safe manner.

Exercise care and respect for all tools, equipment, and materials.

Select appropriate tools, machines, and equipment to accomplish a given task.

Identify color-coding safety standards.

Safely use hand tools and power equipment.

Explain fire prevention and safety precautions and practices for extinguishing fires.

Identify harmful effects/potential dangers of familiar hazardous substances/devices to people and the environment.

Exhibit positive human relations and leadership skills.--The student will be able to:

Perform roles in a student personnel system or in a career and technical student organization (CTSO).

Work cooperatively with others.

Discuss individual interests and aptitudes as they relate to a career.--The student will be able to:

Identify individual strengths and weaknesses.

Discuss individual interests related to a career.

List occupations, job requirements, and job opportunities in communication technology.

List academic and career programs at the secondary levels in communication technology.

Demonstrate an application of basic digital publishing techniques.--The student will be able to:

Utilize digital publishing to combine input, editing, and output into a finished product.

Utilize the components of layouts including type, typography and illustration to digitally manipulate the elements of a published product.

Develop a web page using appropriate digital software.

Create a document on a digital publishing system by inputting existing digitized graphics or by digitizing original art or photographs on a digitizing scanner.

Identify and describe the major types of printing techniques used in print production.--The student will be able to:

Identify and explain standard printing processes including but not limited to: relief, gravure, screen process, and lithographic printing.

Utilize common design principles to create camera ready art.

Produce a printed product using a current printing method.

Utilize appropriate finishing techniques on a printed project.

Identify and demonstrate the role of electronic communication.--The student will be able to:

Explain how to create code, transmit, and receive messages using electronic devices.

List and explain the common communication categories.

Define and explain the use of telecommunications in everyday life.

Utilize a telecommunications device to transmit and receive an electronic message.

Produce an audio and/or visual product using electronic communication technology.

Identify and demonstrate the role of optical technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify the purposes and property of light as used in communication technology.

Explain how light signals are transmitted and received via different optical devices to include but not limited to: fiber optics, satellite communication, bandwidth, laser, and photography.

Generate a product using optical technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.--The student will be able to:

Apply a product, system, or environment developed for one setting in another setting.

Explain how knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of technological products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe the ways that the use of communication technologies affects humans, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes.

Explain that communication technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad; but decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.

Describe ethical issues associated with the development and use of communication technology.

Describe the economic, political, and cultural issues that are influenced by the development and use of communication technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.--The student will be able to:

Describe the management of waste produced by communication technological systems as an important societal issue.

Identify how communication technologies can be affected by natural disaster.

Make decisions about the development and use of communication technologies that put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with one another.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe the development of technologies that has resulted from the demands, values, and interests of individuals, businesses, industries, and societies.

Describe changes in society and the creation of new needs and wants caused by the use of inventions and innovations.

Describe social and cultural priorities and values that are reflected in technological devices.

Explain how meeting societal expectations is the driving force behind the acceptance and use of products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the influence of technology on history.--The student will be able to:

Describe inventions and innovations that have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and refinements.

Explain how the specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.

Explain that in the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge of science.

Demonstrate an understanding of the attributes of design.--The student will be able to:

Use design as a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.

Explain why there is no perfect design.

Evaluate criteria and constraints that are requirements for a design.

Demonstrate an understanding of engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Utilize the design process involving a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and repeated as needed.

Employ brainstorming as a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Model, test, evaluate and modify designs to transform ideas into practical solutions.

Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.--The student will be able to:

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.--The student will be able to:

Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.--The student will be able to:

Develop new products and systems to solve problems or to help do things that could not be done without the help of technology.

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Explain how technology is closely linked with creativity, which has resulted in innovation.

Demonstrate how corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and advertising it.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.--The student will be able to:

Use troubleshooting as a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system.

Describe invention as a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems and innovation as the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.

Identify technological problems that are best solved through experimentation.

Demonstrate the abilities to apply the design process.--The student will be able to:

Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.

Specify criteria and constraints for the design.

Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.

Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria and constraints, and refine as needed.

Make a product or system and document the solution.

Demonstrate the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and understand how things work.

Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.

Use computers and calculators in various applications.

Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.

Demonstrate the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Design and use instruments to gather data.

Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or negative effects of a technology.

Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.

Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is useful.

Demonstrate an understanding of the core concepts of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe technological systems including input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.

Apply systems thinking, involving considering how every part relates to others.

Identify control systems having no feedback path and requiring human intervention, and control systems using feedback.

Explain how technological systems can be connected to one another.

Repair malfunctions of any part of a system that may affect the function and quality of the system.

Compare and contrast requirements or parameters placed on the development of a product or system.

Compare and contrast trade-offs as a decision process recognizing the need for careful compromises among competing factors.

Describe different technologies that involve different sets of processes.

Perform basic maintenance as the process of inspecting and servicing a product or system on a regular basis in order for it to continue functioning properly, to extend its life, or to upgrade its capability.

Utilize controls and mechanisms or particular steps that people perform using information about the system that causes systems to change.

Demonstrate proper and safe procedures while working with technological tools, apparatus, equipment, systems, and materials.--The student will be able to:

Follow classroom/laboratory safety rules and procedures.

Demonstrate good housekeeping at workstations within a classroom/laboratory.

Conduct classroom/laboratory activities and equipment operations in a safe manner.

Exercise care and respect for all tools, equipment, and materials.

Select appropriate tools, machines, and equipment to accomplish a given task.

Identify color-coding safety standards.

Safely use hand tools and power equipment.

Explain fire prevention and safety precautions and practices for extinguishing fires.

Identify harmful effects/potential dangers of familiar hazardous substances/devices to people and the environment.

Exhibit positive human relations and leadership skills.--The student will be able to:

Perform roles in a student personnel system or in a career and technical student organization (CTSO).

Work cooperatively with others.

Discuss individual interests, aptitudes, and opportunities as they relate to a career.--The student will be able to:

Identify individual strengths and weaknesses.

Discuss individual interests related to a career.

List occupations, job requirements, and job opportunities in engineering technology

List academic and career programs at the secondary levels in engineering technology.

Modify the way technological systems interact with one another.

Apply a product, system, or environment developed for one setting in another setting.

Explain how knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of technological products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify the ways that use of technology affects humans, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes about technology’s development and use.

Explain that technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad; but decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.

Identify ethical issues associated with the development and use of technology.

Identify the economic, political, and cultural issues that are influenced by the development and use of technology.

Explain the concepts of technical sketching and drawing.

Demonstrate skill in technical sketching and drawing as it relates to engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Create an orthographic sketch or drawing with appropriate layout and dimensions.

Create an isometric sketch or drawing.

Demonstrate foundational knowledge and skills associated with the design of engineering systems (e.g. mechanical, fluid, electrical systems).--The student will be able to:

Measure and calculate dimensions of parts using metric and customary systems.

Identify simple machines.

Explain mechanical advantage.

Define scientific quantities that are used in engineering designs (e.g. mass, weight, force, voltage, current, resistance).

Read and use system schematics (e.g. electrical and hydraulic circuits).

Assemble, operate, and identify the parts of mechanical and electrical systems

Demonstrate understanding and use of measurement tools and systems.--The student will be able to:

Take and record both U.S customary and SI systems of measurement.

Convert measurements using both U.S customary and SI systems of measurement.

Demonstrate an understanding of the engineering process.--The student will be able to:

Define terminology associated with engineering products and systems.

Describe the experimental method as it is applied to design.

Create a model of a design solution to an engineering problem.

Sketch a graphical or visual solution to an engineering problem.

Present a report on an engineering design problem, concept or issue.

Demonstrate foundational knowledge and skills associated with common computer peripherals and computer functions.--The student will be able to:

Identify and describe the various internal and external components of a computer and their functions (e.g., power supply, hard drive, RAM, mother board, I/O cards/ports, cabling, etc.).

Identify and describe various computer input devices (e.g., USB, firewall, parallel and serial, Ethernet, printers, camera).

Demonstrate an understanding of Internet safety and ethics.--The student will be able to:

Differentiate between viruses and malware, the impact on personal privacy and computer operation, and ways to avoid infection.

Adhere to cyber safety practices with regard to conducting Internet searches, email, chat rooms, and other social network websites.

Adhere to Acceptable Use Policies when accessing the Internet.

Develop fundamental business productivity software skills.--The students will be able to:

Use appropriate functions in a word processing program. (e.g. format text, insert tables, create bulleted lists)

Describe a spreadsheet and the ways in which it may be used.

Describe presentation software, the ways it may be used, and appropriate presentation delivery skills.

Use appropriate functions in a presentation software program. (e.g. insert images, duplicate slides, format text)

Successfully work as a member of a team.--The student will be able to:

Accept responsibility for specific tasks in a given situation.

Maintain a positive relationship with other team members.

Document progress, and provide feedback on work accomplished in a timely manner.

Complete assigned tasks in a timely and professional manner.

Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.--The student will be able to:

Describe the management of waste produced by technological systems as an important societal issue.

Describe how technologies can be used to repair damage caused by natural disasters and to break down waste from the use of various products and systems.

Make decisions about the development and use of technologies that put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with one another.

Describe the development of technologies that has resulted from the demands, values, and interests of individuals, businesses, industries, and societies.

Describe changes in society and the creation of new needs and wants caused by the use of inventions and innovations.

Understand social and cultural priorities and values that are reflected in technological devices.

Explain how meeting societal expectations is the driving force behind the acceptance and use of products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the influence of technology on history.--The student will be able to:

Identify inventions and innovations that have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and refinements.

Explain how the specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.

Identify the design and construction of structures for service or convenience evolving from the development of techniques for measurement, controlling systems, and the understanding of spatial relationships.

Investigate how, that in the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge of science.

Demonstrate an understanding of the attributes of design.--The student will be able to:

Use design as a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.

Explain why there is no perfect design.

Evaluate criteria and constraints that are requirements for a design.

Demonstrate an understanding of engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Utilize the design process involving a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and repeated as needed.

Employ brainstorming as a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Model, test, evaluate and modify designs to transform ideas into practical solutions.

Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.--The student will be able to:

Develop new products and systems to solve problems or to help do things that could not be done without the help of technology.

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Explain how technology is closely linked with creativity, which has resulted in innovation.

Demonstrate how corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and advertising it.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.--The student will be able to:

Use troubleshooting as a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system.

Describe invention as a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems and innovation as the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.

Identify technological problems that are best solved through experimentation.

Demonstrate the abilities to apply the design process.--The student will be able to:

Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.

Specify criteria and constraints for the design.

Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.

Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria and constraints, and refine as needed.

Make a product or system and document the solution.

Demonstrate the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and understand how things work.

Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.

Use computers and calculators in various applications.

Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.

Demonstrate the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Design and use instruments to gather data.

Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or negative effects of a technology.

Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.

Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is useful.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use manufacturing technologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe manufacturing systems using mechanical processes that change the form of materials through processes of separating, forming, combining, and conditioning them.

Classify manufactured goods as durable and non-durable.

Employ the manufacturing process including the designing, development, making, and servicing of products and systems.

Describe manufacturing technologies that are used to modify or alter manufactured products.

Explain that materials must first be located before they can be extracted from the earth through processes such as harvesting, drilling, and mining.

Demonstrate an understanding of the core concepts of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe technological systems including input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.

Apply systems thinking, involving considering how every part relates to others.

Identify control systems having no feedback path and requiring human intervention, and control system using feedback.

Explain how technological systems can be connected to one another.

Repair malfunctions of any part of a system that may affect the function and quality of the system.

Compare and contrast requirements or parameters placed on the development of a product or system.

Compare and contrast trade-offs as a decision process recognizing the need for careful compromises among competing factors.

Perform basic maintenance as the process of inspecting and servicing a product or system on a regular basis in order for it to continue functioning properly, to extend its life, or to upgrade its capability.

Utilize controls and mechanisms or particular steps that people perform using information about the system that causes systems to change.

Demonstrate proper and safe procedures while working with technological tools, apparatus, equipment, systems, and materials.--The student will be able to:

Follow classroom/laboratory safety rules and procedures.

Demonstrate good housekeeping at workstations within a classroom/laboratory.

Conduct classroom/laboratory activities and equipment operations in a safe manner.

Exercise care and respect for all tools, equipment, and materials.

Select appropriate tools, machines, and equipment to accomplish a given task.

Identify color-coding safety standards.

Safely use hand tools and power equipment.

Explain fire prevention and safety precautions and practices for extinguishing fires.

Identify harmful effects/potential dangers of familiar hazardous substances/devices to people and the environment.

Exhibit positive human relations and leadership skills.--The student will be able to:

Perform roles in a student personnel system or in a career and technical student organization (CTSO).

Work cooperatively with others.

Discuss individual interests, aptitudes, and opportunities as they relate to a career.--The student will be able to:

Identify individual strengths and weaknesses.

Discuss individual interests related to a career.

List occupations, job requirements, and job opportunities in production technology.

List occupational training programs and academic programs at the secondary/postsecondary levels in production technology.

Identify evolving technologies of production systems.--The student will be able to:

List evolving technologies of manufacturing and construction industries.

Discuss the evolution of technologies related to manufacturing systems and construction processes.

Brainstorm futuristic production systems.

Perform special skills unique to manufacturing technology.--The student will be able to:

Design a product for custom or mass production manufacturing.

Plan a mass production system for manufacturing a product.

Perform materials forming practices such as casting or molding, and compressing or stretching.

Perform materials separating practices such as shearing, chip removing, and other separating processes.

Perform materials conditioning practices such as heat treating, physical conditioning, or through chemical reactions.

Combine components through mixing, coating, bonding, and mechanical fastening.

Assemble a product or a subassembly of a product.

Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.--The student will be able to:

Modify the way technological systems interact with one another.

Apply a product, system, or environment developed for one setting in another setting.

Explain how knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of technological products and systems.

Express knowledge of factors that impact manufacturing technology and practices.--The student will be able to:

Explain economic factors that impact on manufacturing technology.

Research and identify consumer demands for a manufactured product.

Identify sources of raw materials and/or standard stock materials needed for a manufactured product.

Interview, hire, train, or promote an applicant or employee for a simulated mass production manufacturing activity.

Define the terms "organized labor" and "collective bargaining."

Prepare a plan for marketing and distributing a manufactured product.

Demonstrate an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify the ways that use of technology affects humans, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes about technology’s development and use.

Explain that technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad; but decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.

Identify ethical issues associated with the development and use of technology.

Identify the economic, political, and cultural issues that are influenced by the development and use of technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.--The student will be able to:

Describe the management of waste produced by technological systems as an important societal issue.

Describe how technologies can be used to repair damage caused by natural disasters and to break down waste from the use of various products and systems.

Make decisions about the development and use of technologies that put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with one another.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe the development of technologies that has resulted from the demands, values, and interests of individuals, businesses, industries, and societies.

Describe changes in society and the creation of new needs and wants caused by the use of inventions and innovations.

Understand social and cultural priorities and values that are reflected in technological devices.

Explain how meeting societal expectations is the driving force behind the acceptance and use of products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the influence of technology on history.--The student will be able to:

Identify inventions and innovations that have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and refinements.

Explain how the specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.

Identify the design and construction of structures for service or convenience evolving from the development of techniques for measurement, controlling systems, and the understanding of spatial relationships.

Explain that in the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge of science.

Demonstrate an understanding of the attributes of design.--The student will be able to:

Use design as a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.

Explain why there is no perfect design.

Evaluate criteria and constraints that are requirements for a design.

Demonstrate an understanding of engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Utilize the design process involving a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and repeated as needed.

Employ brainstorming as a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Model, test, evaluate and modify designs to transform ideas into practical solutions.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.--The student will be able to:

Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.--The student will be able to:

Develop new products and systems to solve problems or to help do things that could not be done without the help of technology.

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Explain how technology is closely linked with creativity, which has resulted in innovation.

Demonstrate how corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and advertising it.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.--The student will be able to:

Use troubleshooting as a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system.

Describe invention as a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems and innovation as the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.

10.03 Identify technological problems that are best solved through experimentation.

Demonstrate the abilities to apply the design process.--The student will be able to:

Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.

Specify criteria and constraints for the design.

Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.

Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria and constraints, and refine as needed.

Make a product or system and document the solution.

Demonstrate the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and understand how things work.

Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.

Use computers and calculators in various applications.

Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.

Demonstrate the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Design and use instruments to gather data.

Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or negative effects of a technology.

Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.

Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is useful.

Demonstrate an understanding of the core concepts of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe technological systems including input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.

Apply systems thinking, involving considering how every part relates to others.

Identify control systems having no feedback path and requiring human intervention, and control systems using feedback.

Explain how technological systems can be connected to one another.

Repair malfunctions of any part of a system that may affect the function and quality of the system.

Compare and contrast requirements or parameters placed on the development of a product or system.

Compare and contrast trade-offs as a decision process recognizing the need for careful compromises among competing factors.

Describe different technologies that involve different sets of processes.

Perform basic maintenance as the process of inspecting and servicing a product or system on a regular basis in order for it to continue functioning properly, to extend its life, or to upgrade its capability.

Utilize controls and mechanisms or particular steps that people perform using information about the system that causes systems to change.

Demonstrate proper and safe procedures while working with technological tools, apparatus, equipment, systems, and materials.--The student will be able to:

Follow classroom/laboratory safety rules and procedures.

Demonstrate good housekeeping at workstations within a classroom/laboratory.

Conduct classroom/laboratory activities and equipment operations in a safe manner.

Exercise care and respect for all tools, equipment, and materials.

Select appropriate tools, machines, and equipment to accomplish a given task.

Identify color-coding safety standards.

Safely use hand tools and power equipment.

Explain fire prevention and safety precautions and practices for extinguishing fires.

Identify harmful effects/potential dangers of familiar hazardous substances/devices to people and the environment.

Exhibit positive human relations and leadership skills.--The student will be able to:

Perform roles in a student personnel system or in a career and technical student organization (CTSO).

Work cooperatively with others.

Discuss individual interests, aptitudes, and opportunities as they relate to a career.--The student will be able to:

Identify individual strengths and weaknesses.

Discuss individual interests related to a career.

List occupations, job requirements, and job opportunities in robotics technology

List academic and career programs at the secondary levels in robotics technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.--The student will be able to:

Modify the way technological systems interact with one another.

Apply a product, system, or environment developed for one setting in another setting.

Explain how knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of technological products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify the ways that use of technology affects humans, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes about technology’s development and use.

Explain that technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad; but decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.

Identify ethical issues associated with the development and use of technology.

Identify the economic, political, and cultural issues that are influenced by the development and use of technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.--The student will be able to:

Describe the management of waste produced by technological systems as an important societal issue.

Describe how technologies can be used to repair damage caused by natural disasters and to break down waste from the use of various products and systems.

Make decisions about the development and use of technologies that put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with one another.

Demonstrate an understanding of robotics, its history, applications, and evolution.--The student will be able to:

Explore robotics history through research of the industry.

Describe various applications of automation and robotics.

Describe emerging technologies and their implications on the field of robotics.

Demonstrate an understanding of basic programming concepts.--The student will be able to:

Apply the engineering design process to the creation of a program

Discuss the use of algorithms

Demonstrate the use of flowcharting in documenting an algorithm

Demonstrate the use of pseudocode in documenting an algorithm

Explain the function of conditional execution (eg if, if/else) and their uses

Explain iterative programming structures (e.g., while, do/while) and their uses.

Demonstrate the use of testing & debugging in the problem solving process

Create functional program that satisfies prescribed criteria

Identify the basic subsystems on a robotic system.--The student will be able to:

Define drivetrain, manipulator, and chassis

Understand the difference between Ackermann and skid steering

Identify the difference between Motors and servos

Calculate simple gear ratios and their relationship with torque vs speed

Assess the advantages and disadvantages of wheels vs tank treads

Analyze the characteristics of a sound chassis design

Describe the role of sensors in the field of robotics.--The student will be able to:

Define sensor.

Describe the basic operation common to all sensors.

Describe the types of sensors and ways in which they can be categorized.

Investigate the types of manipulators used in a robotic system.

Build, program, and configure a robot to perform predefined tasks.--The student will be able to:

Design a robot.

Create programs as required using robotic software that will allow the robot to perform a set of tasks.

Create a flow chart that visually describes a basic robotic task.

Configure subsystems to operate the robot.

Create a portfolio including drawings and specifications, describing the robot, the tasks and rationale, and the results.

Solve problems using critical thinking skills, creativity and innovation.--The student will be able to:

Employ critical thinking skills independently and in teams to solve problems and make decisions.

Employ critical thinking and interpersonal skills to resolve conflicts.

Identify and document workplace performance goals and monitor progress toward those goals.

Conduct technical research to gather information necessary for decision-making.

Describe the development of technologies that has resulted from the demands, values, and interests of individuals, businesses, industries, and societies.

Describe changes in society and the creation of new needs and wants caused by the use of inventions and innovations.

Understand social and cultural priorities and values that are reflected in technological devices.

Explain how meeting societal expectations is the driving force behind the acceptance and use of products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the influence of technology on history.--The student will be able to:

Identify inventions and innovations that have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and refinements.

Explain how the specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.

Identify the design and construction of structures for service or convenience evolving from the development of techniques for measurement, controlling systems, and the understanding of spatial relationships.

Investigate how, that in the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge of science.

Demonstrate an understanding of the attributes of design.--The student will be able to:

Use design as a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.

Explain why there is no perfect design.

Evaluate criteria and constraints that are requirements for a design.

Demonstrate an understanding of engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Utilize the design process involving a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and repeated as needed.

Employ brainstorming as a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Model, test, evaluate and modify designs to transform ideas into practical solutions.

Demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and scope of technology.--The student will be able to:

Develop new products and systems to solve problems or to help do things that could not be done without the help of technology.

Describe the development of technology as a human activity that is the result of individual or collective needs and the ability to be creative.

Explain how technology is closely linked with creativity, which has resulted in innovation.

Demonstrate how corporations can often create demand for a product by bringing it onto the market and advertising it.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development, invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.--The student will be able to:

Use troubleshooting as a problem-solving method used to identify the cause of a malfunction in a technological system.

Describe invention as a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems and innovation as the process of modifying an existing product or system to improve it.

Identify technological problems that are best solved through experimentation.

Demonstrate the abilities to apply the design process.--The student will be able to:

Apply a design process to solve problems in and beyond the laboratory-classroom.

Specify criteria and constraints for the design.

Make two-dimensional and three-dimensional representations of the designed solution.

Test and evaluate the design in relation to pre-established requirements, such as criteria and constraints, and refine as needed.

Make a product or system and document the solution.

Demonstrate the abilities to use and maintain technological products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Use information provided in manuals, protocols, or by experienced people to see and understand how things work.

Use tools, materials, and machines safely to diagnose, adjust, and repair systems.

Use computers and calculators in various applications.

Operate and maintain systems in order to achieve a given purpose.

Demonstrate the abilities to assess the impact of products and systems.--The student will be able to:

Design and use instruments to gather data.

Use data collected to analyze and interpret trends in order to identify the positive or negative effects of a technology.

Identify trends and monitor potential consequences of technological development.

Interpret and evaluate the accuracy of the information obtained and determine if it is useful.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use medical technologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe how advances and innovations in medical technologies are used to improve healthcare.

Describe how sanitation processes used in the disposal of medical products help to protect people from harmful organisms and disease, and shape the ethics of medical safety.

Explain how the vaccines developed for use in immunization require specialized technologies to support environments in which a sufficient amount of vaccines are produced.

Describe genetic engineering involving modifying the structure of DNA to produce novel genetic make-ups.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use agricultural and related biotechnologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe technological advances in agriculture directly affecting the time and number of people required to produce food for a large population.

Describe how a wide range of specialized equipment and practices is used to improve the production of food, fiber, fuel, and other useful products and in the care of animals.

Explain how biotechnology applies the principles of biology to create commercial products or processes.

Create artificial ecosystems that are human-made complexes that replicate some aspects of natural environments.

Explain how the development of refrigeration, freezing, dehydration, preservation, and irradiation provide long-term storage of food and reduce the health risks caused by tainted food.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use energy and power technologies.--The student will be able to:

Define energy as the capacity to do work.

Explain how energy can be used to do work, using many processes.

Define power as the rate at which energy is converted from one form to another or transferred from one place to another, or the rate at which work is done.

Describe power systems used to drive and provide propulsion to other technological products and systems.

Explain how much of the energy used in our environment is not used efficiently.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use information and communication technologies.--The student will be able to:

Create information and communication systems that allow information to be transferred from human to human, human to machine, machine to machine, and machine to human.

Describe communication systems made up of a source, encoder, transmitter, receiver, decoder, and destination.

Consider factors that influence the design of a message, such as the intended audience, medium, purpose, and nature of the message.

Use symbols, measurements, and drawings to promote clear communication by providing a common language to express ideas.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use transportation technologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe how transporting people and goods involve a combination of individuals and vehicles.

Describe subsystems of transportation vehicles, such as structural, propulsion, suspension, guidance, control, and support that must function together for a system to work effectively.

Summarize processes, such as receiving, holding, storing, loading, moving, unloading, delivering, evaluating, marketing, managing, communicating, and using conventions are necessary for the entire transportation system to operate efficiently.

Describe how governmental regulations often influence the design and operation of transportation systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use manufacturing technologies.--The student will be able to:

Describe manufacturing systems using mechanical processes that change the form of materials through processes of separating, forming, combining, and conditioning them.

Classify manufactured goods as durable and non-durable.

Employ the manufacturing process including the designing, development, making, and servicing of products and systems.

Describe manufacturing technologies that are used to modify or alter manufactured products.

Explain that materials must first be located before they can be extracted from the earth through processes such as harvesting, drilling, and mining.

Demonstrate an understanding of the core concepts of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe technological systems including input, processes, output, and, at times, feedback.

Apply systems thinking, involving considering how every part relates to others.

Identify control systems having no feedback path and requiring human intervention, and control systems using feedback.

Explain how technological systems can be connected to one another.

Repair malfunctions of any part of a system that may affect the function and quality of the system.

Compare and contrast requirements or parameters placed on the development of a product or system.

Compare and contrast trade-offs as a decision process recognizing the need for careful compromises among competing factors.

Describe different technologies that involve different sets of processes.

Perform basic maintenance as the process of inspecting and servicing a product or system on a regular basis in order for it to continue functioning properly, to extend its life, or to upgrade its capability.

Utilize controls and mechanisms or particular steps that people perform using information about the system that causes systems to change.

Demonstrate an understanding of and be able to select and use construction technologies.--The student will be able to:

Research building laws and codes.

Identify factors such as style, convenience, cost, climate, and function in the selection of designs for structures.

Explain that structures rest on a foundation.

Classify structures as temporary or permanent.

Describe subsystems of a building.

Demonstrate proper and safe procedures while working with technological tools, apparatus, equipment, systems, and materials.--The student will be able to:

Follow classroom/laboratory safety rules and procedures.

Demonstrate good housekeeping at workstations within a classroom/laboratory.

Conduct classroom/laboratory activities and equipment operations in a safe manner.

Exercise care and respect for all tools, equipment, and materials.

Select appropriate tools, machines, and equipment to accomplish a given task.

Identify color-coding safety standards.

Safely use hand tools and power equipment.

Explain fire prevention and safety precautions and practices for extinguishing fires.

Identify harmful effects/potential dangers of familiar hazardous substances/devices to people and the environment.

Exhibit positive human relations and leadership skills.--The student will be able to:

Perform roles in a student personnel system or in a career and technical student organization (CTSO).

Work cooperatively with others.

Discuss individual interests, aptitudes, and opportunities as they relate to a career.--The student will be able to:

Identify individual strengths and weaknesses.

Discuss individual interests related to a career.

Identify careers within specific areas of technology.

Explore careers within specific areas of interest.

Form an understanding and appreciation for work after listening to or observing technology workers.

Form an understanding and appreciation for work after participating in a simulated technology group project in the laboratory.

Form an understanding and appreciation for the roles and work of technology workers.

Demonstrate an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connection between technology and other fields of study.--The student will be able to:

Modify the way technological systems interact with one another.

Apply a product, system, or environment developed for one setting in another setting.

Explain how knowledge gained from other fields of study has a direct effect on the development of technological products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the cultural, social, economic, and political effects of technology.--The student will be able to:

Identify the ways that use of technology affects humans, including their safety, comfort, choices, and attitudes about technology’s development and use.

Explain that technology, by itself, is neither good nor bad; but decisions about the use of products and systems can result in desirable or undesirable consequences.

Identify ethical issues associated with the development and use of technology.

Identify the economic, political, and cultural issues that are influenced by the development and use of technology.

Demonstrate an understanding of the effects of technology on the environment.--The student will be able to:

Describe the management of waste produced by technological systems as an important societal issue.

Describe how technologies can be used to repair damage caused by natural disasters and to break down waste from the use of various products and systems.

Make decisions about the development and use of technologies that put environmental and economic concerns in direct competition with one another.

Demonstrate an understanding of the role of society in the development and use of technology.--The student will be able to:

Describe the development of technologies that has resulted from the demands, values, and interests of individuals, businesses, industries, and societies.

Describe changes in society and the creation of new needs and wants caused by the use of inventions and innovations.

Understand social and cultural priorities and values that are reflected in technological devices.

Explain how meeting societal expectations is the driving force behind the acceptance and use of products and systems.

Demonstrate an understanding of the influence of technology on history.--The student will be able to:

Identify inventions and innovations that have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and refinements.

Explain how the specialization of function has been at the heart of many technological improvements.

Identify how the design and construction of structures for service or convenience evolving from the development of techniques for measurement, controlling systems, and the understanding of spatial relationships.

Investigate how, that in the past, an invention or innovation was not usually developed with the knowledge of science.

Demonstrate an understanding of the attributes of design.--The student will be able to:

Use design as a creative planning process that leads to useful products and systems.

Explain why there is no perfect design.

Evaluate criteria and constraints that are requirements for a design.

Demonstrate the ability to properly identify different resources used in projects.

Demonstrate an understanding of engineering design.--The student will be able to:

Utilize the design process involving a set of steps, which can be performed in different sequences and repeated as needed.

Employ brainstorming as a group problem-solving design process in which each person in the group presents his or her ideas in an open forum.

Model, test, evaluate and modify designs to transform ideas into practical solutions.

Identify roles and responsibilities of members of professional and community service organizations, including career and technical student organizations.

Work cooperatively as a group member to achieve organizational goals.

Demonstrate leadership roles and organizational responsibilities

Identify and utilize the planning process.

Develop a personal growth project.

Demonstrate leadership skills – The student will be able to:

Identify personal talents and abilities that can contribute to positive self-esteem and success in the work place.

Practice teamwork skills.

Practice employability skills.

Practice positive work ethics and identify negative work ethics.

Exhibit work expectations of the food service employer

Apply math, reading, science, and critical thinking skills as they relate to the culinary industry.

Demonstrate employability skills as they relate to the culinary industry – The student will be able to:

Demonstrate effective communication skills–The student will be able to:

Describe why communication is the basis for all relationships.

Distinguish between non-assertive, assertive, and aggressive communication.

Demonstrate communication skills that promote positive relationships at the work place.

Practice active listening skills.

Utilize conflict resolution skills.

Describe careers in the culinary and hospitality industry

Classify careers from entry level to professional level.

Explore entrepreneurship opportunities in the culinary industry.

Research and present information on a culinary career to include roles and responsibilities, opportunities for employment, and the        requirements for education and training.

Analyze careers in the culinary industry --The student will be able to:

Practice safety, sanitation, and storage procedures in food preparation --The student will be able to:

Demonstrate practices and procedures that assure personal and workplace health and hygiene.

List common food borne illnesses and their causes.

Demonstrate ways to prevent food borne illnesses.

Identify and practice food service safety and sanitation procedures.

Identify and demonstrate proper use of culinary equipment and tools – The student will be able to:

Identify and demonstrate measuring utensils for the appropriate ingredient.

Identify and demonstrate the appropriate use and care of culinary tools.

Identify and demonstrate the appropriate use and care of culinary equipment.

Read and interpret a recipe accurately – The student will be able to:

Define and demonstrate common culinary terms used in recipes.

Apply common abbreviations and equivalents used in recipes.

Demonstrate recipe conversions.

Relate the principles of nutrition to menu development –The student will be able to:

Describe the purpose of the essential nutrients and list foods providing them.

Describe the food groups on the MyPlate food guide and the nutrients contained within each group.

Analyze factors that affect menu development –The student will be able to:

Identify factors that affect menu planning, i.e. season, cultural influences, trends.

Analyze food costs and the impact on menu development.

Develop menus using various dietary guidelines.

Develop menus that meet the special dietary needs of culinary customers.

Create a variety of menus for various types of culinary establishments.

Practice time management in the production of meal menus.

Demonstrate basic food preparation skills –The student will be able to:

Demonstrate the appropriate techniques for measuring and weighing

Practice knife skills.

Demonstrate various cooking techniques.

Develop production schedules utilizing time management strategies.

Apply teamwork principles during the implementation of production schedules.

Demonstrate ability to select, store, prepare, and serve nutritious and aesthetically pleasing food.

Exhibit efficient operation of the back-of-the-house – The student will be able to:

Define back-of-the-house.

Identify the back-of-the-house preparation stations.

Demonstrate the culinary duties and responsibilities of the back-of-the-house staff.

Follow industry guidelines for appropriate dress.

Exhibit efficient operation of the front-of-the-house – The student will be able to:

Define front-of-the-house.

Identify and demonstrate the culinary duties and responsibilities of the front-of-the-house staff, i.e. table set up, accurately recording customer requests, practice appropriate serving techniques and collecting money.

Follow industry guidelines for appropriate dress.

Analyze the impact of the employee’s attitude, appearance, and actions on customer satisfaction.

Apply concepts of quality service to ensure customer satisfaction.

Demonstrate creative food presentation techniques – The student will be able to:

Identify the criteria for achieving an aesthetically pleasing plate.

Conduct sensory evaluations of plated presentations.

Practice various garnishing techniques utilizing a variety of garnishing tools.

Create an edible centerpiece for presentation and assessment.

Utilize technology as it relates to the culinary industry – The student will be able to:

Identify technology utilized in the culinary industry.

Analyze technology trends impacting the culinary industry.

Apply technology for efficient operation of culinary related tasks.

Demonstrate the skills involved in effective resource management–The student will be able to:

Identify steps of the decision-making process.

Distinguish between a need and a want.

Explain how values and goals affect decisions.

Develop a budget and savings plan.

Analyze the relationship between resources and attainment of lifestyle.

Identify components of network systems. – The student will be able to:

Identify structure to access internet, including hardware and software components.

Identify and configure user customization features in web browsers, including preferences, caching, and cookies.

Recognize essential database concepts.

Define and use additional networking and internet services.

Describe and use communication features of information technology. – The student will be able to:

Define important internet communications protocols and their roles in delivering basic Internet services.

Identify basic principles of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Identify security issues related to Internet clients.

Identify and use principles of Personal Information Management (PIM), including common applications.

Efficiently transmit text and binary files using popular Internet services.

Conduct a webcast and related services.

Represent technical issues to a non-technical audience.

Demonstrate leadership skills.

Identify roles and responsibilities of members of professional and community service organizations, including career and technical student organizations.

Work cooperatively as a group member to achieve organizational goals.

Demonstrate leadership roles and organizational responsibilities.

Identify and utilize the planning process.

Develop a personal growth project.

Demonstrate basic food preparation skills

Demonstrate the appropriate techniques for measuring and weighing

Practice knife skills.

Demonstrate various cooking techniques.

Develop production schedules utilizing time management strategies.

Apply teamwork principles during the implementation of production schedules.

Demonstrate ability to select, store, prepare, and serve nutritious and aesthetically pleasing food.

Exhibit efficient operation of the back-of-the-house

Define back-of-the-house.

Identify the back-of-the-house preparation stations.

Demonstrate the culinary duties and responsibilities of the back-of-the-house staff.

Follow industry guidelines for appropriate dress.

Exhibit efficient operation of the front-of-the-house

Define front-of-the-house.

Identify and demonstrate the culinary duties and responsibilities of the front-of-the-house staff, i.e. table set up, accurately recording customer requests, practice appropriate serving techniques and collecting money.

Follow industry guidelines for appropriate dress.

Analyze the impact of the employee’s attitude, appearance, and actions on customer satisfaction.

Apply concepts of quality service to ensure customer satisfaction.

Demonstrate creative food presentation techniques

Identify the criteria for achieving an aesthetically pleasing plate.

Conduct sensory evaluations of plated presentations.

Practice various garnishing techniques utilizing a variety of garnishing tools.

Create an edible centerpiece for presentation and assessment.

Utilize technology as it relates to the culinary industry

Identify technology utilized in the culinary industry.

Analyze technology trends impacting the culinary industry.

Apply technology for efficient operation of culinary related tasks.

Demonstrate the skills involved in effective resource management

Identify steps of the decision-making process.

Distinguish between a need and a want.

Explain how values and goals affect decisions.

Develop a budget and savings plan.

Analyze the relationship between resources and attainment of lifestyle.

Identify components of network systems

Identify structure to access internet, including hardware and software components.

Identify and configure user customization features in web browsers, including preferences, caching, and cookies.

Recognize essential database concepts.

Define and use additional networking and internet services.

Describe and use communication features of information technology

Define important internet communications protocols and their roles in delivering basic Internet services.

Identify basic principles of the Domain Name System (DNS).

Identify security issues related to Internet clients.

Identify and use principles of Personal Information Management (PIM), including common applications.

Efficiently transmit text and binary files using popular Internet services.

Conduct a webcast and related services.

Represent technical issues to a non-technical audience.

Demonstrate employability skills as they relate to the culinary industry

Apply math, reading, science, and critical thinking skills as they relate to the culinary industry.

Identify personal talents and abilities that can contribute to positive self-esteem and success in the work place.

Practice teamwork skills.

Practice employability skills.

Practice positive work ethics and identify negative work ethics.

Exhibit work expectations of the food service employer.

Demonstrate effective communication skills

Describe why communication is the basis for all relationships.

Distinguish between non-assertive, assertive, and aggressive communication.

Demonstrate communication skills that promote positive relationships at the work place.

Practice active listening skills.

Utilize conflict resolution skills.

Analyze careers in the culinary industry

Describe careers in the culinary and hospitality industry.

Classify careers from entry level to professional level.

Explore entrepreneurship opportunities in the culinary industry.

Research and present information on a culinary career to include roles and responsibilities, opportunities for employment, and the requirements for education and training.

Practice safety, sanitation, and storage procedures in food preparation

Demonstrate practices and procedures that assure personal and workplace health and hygiene.

List common food borne illnesses and their causes.

Demonstrate ways to prevent food borne illnesses.

Identify and practice food service safety and sanitation procedures.

Identify and demonstrate proper use of culinary equipment and tools

Identify and demonstrate measuring utensils for the appropriate ingredient.

Identify and demonstrate the appropriate use and care of culinary tools.

Identify and demonstrate the appropriate use and care of culinary equipment.

Read and interpret a recipe accurately

Apply common abbreviations and equivalents used in recipes.

Demonstrate recipe conversions.

Relate the principles of nutrition to menu development

Describe the purpose of the essential nutrients and list foods providing them.

Describe the food groups on the MyPlate food guide and the nutrients contained within each group.

Analyze factors that affect menu development

Identify factors that affect menu planning, i.e. season, cultural influences, trends.

Analyze food costs and the impact on menu development.

Develop menus using various dietary guidelines.

Develop menus that meet the special dietary needs of culinary customers.

Create a variety of menus for various types of culinary establishments.

Practice time management in the production of meal menus.

Define and demonstrate common culinary terms used in recipes.

Identify computer components and their functions. The student will be able to:

Describe what defines a computer and ways a computer can be used.

Identify the internal components of a computer (e.g., case, CPU, RAM, power  drive, supply, hard drive, motherboard, expansion cards, cabling).

Identify and know how to connect various computer input devices (e.g., mouse, keyboard, phone, camera, scanner, microphone, game controller, stylus, barcode reader finger print scanner, GPS device, touch pad, graphics tablet) and describe their use.

Identify and know how to connect various computer output devices (e.g., monitor, printer, projector, speakers, headphones) and describe their use.

Identify and know how to connect various storage devices (e.g., flash drive, external hard drive (SSD, network drive), memory card, discs, cloud).

Demonstrate knowledge of different operating systems. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast various operating systems used in a computer and mobile devices (i.e., Windows, OS (Apple), UNIX, Android, iOS).

Describe and use conventional file naming conventions.

Demonstrate proficiency with file management tasks (e.g., folder creation, file creation, backup, copy, delete, open, save).

Be able to identify file types by extension (e.g., .doc, .txt, .wav, xls).

Demonstrate proficiency in using gadgets, icons, and taskbars and other pre-loaded operating system programs. (e.g., calculator, text editor, clock, volume controls, adding icons and shortcuts to taskbar and shortcut menus).

Demonstrate an understanding of Internet safety and ethics. The student will be able to:

Describe risks associated with social networking sites (e.g., FaceBook, Snapchat, Instagram, Twitter) and ways to reduce these risks.

Describe common threats used to spread malware and viruses, including phishing, pharming, Trojans, spyware, malicious sites, “free” downloads.

Perform an antivirus scan on a computer system to check for viruses and malware.

Describe strong password practices.

Practice cyber safety techniques to protect your computer system when using Internet searches, email and social network websites.

Identify security issues related to mobile phones, including personal information compromised if a phone is lost or stolen.

Adhere to Acceptable Use Policies when accessing the Internet.

Define “privacy” and relate it to the term “digital footprint”.

Practice cyber safety techniques to protect your personal information when using internet searches, email, chat rooms, and social network websites.

Describe cyberbullying, its impact on perpetrators and victims and ways to respond.

Describe risks associated with sexting (including legal issues, social consequences), and  discuss methods for response, reporting, and prevention.

Describe risks associated with online gaming, and identify ways to reduce these risks.

Discuss issues related to downloading music or videos from the Internet, including unethical vs. illegal actions.

Compare and contrast rules for copyright and fair use, especially in relation to using online resources for school and educational purposes.

Distinguish between viruses and malware and discuss their impact on personal privacy and computer operation.

Demonstrate proficiency using the Internet to locate information. The student will be able to:

Identify and use web terminology (WWW, Web Browser, Internet, Web Server,  Web Page, Address Bar, Hyperlinks, Navigation Buttons, Search Bar, Bookmarks/Favorites, Tab, Downloading, Plug-ins, Social Media Plug-ins).

Properly cite Internet sources used to obtain information for a research project.

Properly cite Internet sources used to obtain information for a research project.

Define Universal Resource Locators (URLs) and associated protocols (e.g., http, ftp, telnet, mailto).

Compare and contrast the types of Internet domains (e.g., .com, .org, .edu, .gov, .net, .mil).

Demonstrate proficiency using search engines, including Boolean search techniques.

Demonstrate proficiency using various web tools (e.g., downloading of files, transfer of files, telnet, PDF).

Compare and contrast the roles of web servers and web browsers.

Evaluate online information for relevance, credibility and quality using basic guidelines and indicators (e.g. authority, affiliation, purpose, bias, date).

Identify and apply copyright and fair use guidelines, and explain plagiarism as an ethical and legal violation.

Incorporate results from Internet searches into a research project (e.g., report, summary).

Demonstrate proficiency in using word processing software. The student will be able to:

Describe the general functions of word-processing software, including benefits for document creation, commonly used word-processing applications.

Define the term “format” as it relates to word processing.

Format text using styles and font tools in a word processor.

Format a document using multi-level heading styles to enable an outline view (e.g. document map, navigation pane) in a word processor.

Create a table of contents using auto-generation tools and techniques in a word processor.

Insert page breaks in a document.

Create source citations and/or a bibliography in a document.

Insert a current date and time stamp into a document.

Use word processor tools to determine the number of pages, words and characters in a document.

Use spell check, grammar check, thesaurus, and find & replace to edit a document.

Insert and modify sizing of images in a word-processing document.

Define the term “cloud computing,” and explain benefits of creating and storing word-processing documents online.

Position an image relative to text in a document, using various  text-wrapping options (inline, square, tight).

Use word-processing drawing tools to create pre-formatted shapes that enhance a document’s content.

Use word-processor drawing tools to create a visual representation of information (e.g. SmartArt), such as diagram, flow chart.

Apply a column layout to text in a document as appropriate for the content (e.g., article, newsletter).

Apply simple numbered and bulleted lists in a document to make content easier to read and understand.

Format numbered and bulleted lists to produce multi-level outline in a document.

Create a simple brochure and/or flyer using a template

Create a table in a word-processing document, and enter and move data in the table.

Convert a body of text into a table structure in a document to make content easier to read and understand.

Define “collaboration” and explain ways that users can collaborate on word-processing documents, including installed software vs. cloud-based software, real-time collaboration, auto save, sharing tools, revision history.

List and describe common word processor interface tools and features.

Use the translation tool in a word processor to translate text in a document from English into another language, and vice versa.

Add comments to a document when reviewing and/or editing content.

Revise a document using editing tools (e.g. Track Changes) in a word processor, and accept or reject changes as appropriate.

Identify common keyboard shortcuts used in word processors, and explain the benefits of using shortcuts.

Format the page setup of a document, including margins, line spacing, indents, headers vs. footers, orientation.

Explain printing options in a word processor, including shrink-to-fit, 2-sided printing, and document orientation.

Copy, paste and move text within a document using mouse, menu and keyboard techniques.

Copy, paste and move text among multiple documents using mouse, menu and keyboard techniques.

Modify document view settings to display close-up, single and multiple pages.

Demonstrate proficiency in using presentation software. The student will be able to:

Describe presentation software and the ways it can be used.

Produce a presentation that includes text, graphics and images, and present it.

Modify a presentation’s setup to repeat (i.e., loop) the presentation continuously.

Create and/or modify a “slide master” or template to apply a consistent appearance to a presentation.

Add and format titles, subtitles and talking points in presentation slides.

Add slide numbers and/or date and time codes to presentation slides.

Insert and format images/graphics in presentation slides.

Insert new or duplicate slides in a presentation.

Modify slide transitions in a presentation to include animation.

Insert and/or modify sound settings and timing in a presentation.

Modify the sequence of slides in a presentation.

Demonstrate proficiency in using graphics software. The student will be able to:

Describe graphics software and the ways it can be used.

Use a portable digital video device (e.g., mobile phone, flip camera) or similar online tools  to shoot video files, and transfer them to a computer.

Use video-editing software to produce a slide show or movie.

Create a multimedia presentation that incorporates edited video, animation, music and/or narration, and that applies principles of good design, smooth transitions and effective message delivery.

Compare and contrast vector and raster images.

Identify image file formats for photos and graphical art (e.g., TIFF, BMP, PSD, EPS, JPEG, GIF, PNG), and specify which formats are supported on the web.

Define terms related to the creation and display of graphical images (e.g., raster, vector, transparency, opacity, cropping, lasso, magic wand, marquee, canvas size, flattened, blur, dodge, sharpen, staking order, free transform, lossless, adjustments, move, clone, zoom, layers,      filter, distort)

Create images with effects using different tools, brushes, adjustments and filters available in graphics software.

Copy and paste graphical images.

Modify shapes and colors in a graphical image.

Save and export a digital photograph in a format that provides the best image quality and  file size for Internet use.

Create a progressive slide presentation using graphical design/layout template features (e.g., SmartArt) and animated transitions.

Demonstrate appropriate use of email. The student will be able to:

Define “email “and describe the functions and advantages as a form of communication.

Identify components of an email message.

Explain the format of an email address (i.e., user name, @ symbol, domain).

Attach a file to an email message.

Reply to and forward an email message to one or more addressees

Use the Internet to perform email activities (i.e., web-based email).

Identify the appropriate use of email and demonstrate related email etiquette.

Perform email organization and cleanup (e.g., trash, flags, create folders).

Develop and apply fundamental spreadsheet skills. The student will be able to:

Define “spreadsheet” and describe ways it may be used.

Insert and delete columns and rows in a spreadsheet.

Merge and unmerge cells in a spreadsheet.

Apply shading and borders to a spreadsheet.

Describe the purpose of a table and how it relates to a spreadsheet.

Create and print a table and/or range that displays and sums the values of different data types.

Identify various types of charts (e.g., line, bar, pie, scatter) and common chart components (e.g., vertical axis, horizontal axis, legend), and explain when to use each chart type.

Create a chart from existing data and format the pieces (data set), change the background color, and add appropriate titles and a legend.

Use the auto sum function to calculate the values of multiple cells.

Insert common functions (SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, MAX, MIN) and simple mathematical formulas which include addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division into a spreadsheet.

Distinguish between absolute and relative cell references in a spreadsheet.

Identify the parts of the spreadsheet display, including cells, columns and rows, cell references, cell range.

Use the sort function to organize information numerically or alphabetically, including multiple levels of sorting.

Use the filter function to display spreadsheet data based on specific criteria.

Use conditional formatting to highlight text in a spreadsheet.

Create and navigate through multiple spreadsheets in a file.

Insert and format various types of data (text, numeric, date/time) in a spreadsheet cells.

Select multiple cells, including adjacent and non-adjacent ranges, using mouse and keyboard techniques.

Cut, copy, and paste information from one or more cells to another part of the spreadsheet.

Use the undo and redo tools in a spreadsheet.

Apply and modify cell formatting for currency, date and percentage values.

Resize column width and row height in a spreadsheet.

Develop and apply database skills. The student will be able to:

Define database and describe real-world uses (e.g. search engines, schools, drivers licenses & car registrations, hospitals, retail, law enforcement).

Identify the relationships between tables in databases (i.e., one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-many).

Distinguish between a query and a report.

Identify various report types.

Describe Structured Query Language (SQL) and discuss its use with databases.

Identify and compare various database applications, including Microsoft Access, MySQL, Oracle.

Create a database table that uses multiple data types.

Add, Edit, and Delete records from a database table.

Sort records in a database query or table.

Troubleshoot common database errors, including data type errors, query syntax errors.

Create a basic select query in one table.

Distinguish between databases and spreadsheets.

Create an action query to manipulate data.

Create a query using primary and foreign keys.

Create a simple table join.

Import and export data from a database into a spreadsheet.

Create relevant reports from a database.

Identify advantages of using a database instead of alternatives (e.g., spreadsheets, electronic documents, paper).

Define “Big Data” and describe how it is used in advertising.

Identify the components of a database.

Distinguish between fields and records in a database.

Describe the basic data types and formats used in a database.

Distinguish between a table and a query.

Identify database keys, including primary and foreign.

Demonstrate skill in using video editing software and equipment. The student will be able to:

Demonstrate ability to operate a video camera (e.g., Flip camera, cell phone).

Upload finished video files to a website.

Write storyboards to depict a one minute video segment.

Determine appropriate lighting needs.

Create video shots sufficient to produce a one minute video.

Identify the functions and benefits of the digital video software interface.

Demonstrate ability to edit, cut, erase, and insert video.

Edit video as needed to achieve desired message and length.

Describe a first complete run-through of the video production process.

Characterize the qualities of effective communication in a completed video.

Demonstrate proficiency in using audio editing software (e.g., Audacity). The student will be able to:

Identify the functions and benefits of the audio editing software interface.

Demonstrate ability to edit, cut, erase, and insert audio.

Edit audio as needed to achieve desired message and length.

Prepare a 30 second to 1 minute audio commercial project.

Demonstrate proficiency locating, gathering, and preparing textual, graphical, and image-based web content. The student will be able to:

Define the elements of a webpage and what makes a good webpage.

Describe effective text and image content for webpages based on how visitors use the web.

List guidelines and conventions for effective text on webpage.

Explain the inverted pyramid model of newspaper journalism and how it applies to web content.

Use word-processing software to create effective written content for a webpage.

Create and/or edit message-driven image content for a webpage using graphics software.

Access graphics through various recourses (e.g., scanner, digital camera, CD-ROM, clipart, copyright-free online graphics).

Plan the content and design of a basic webpage using strategies for effective Web communication, including brainstorming, determining audience, choosing content and media types, using white space.

Demonstrate knowledge of safety and privacy practices for online communication. The student will be able to:

Define “privacy” and relate it to the term “digital footprint.”

Describe the risks of communicating on social networking sites (e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram) and identify ways to communicate safely.

Distinguish between copyright infringement, plagiarism and fair use in an educational setting and in relation to school projects, especially with music and pictures.

Describe online communication practices that contribute to cyberbullying.

Practice safe online communication techniques with Internet searches, email, chat rooms, and other social network websites.

Follow an Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) when accessing the Internet.

Use Web 2.0 or Internet-based collaborative technology (e.g., Wikis, Wimba, Moodle, Edmodo, Facebook, Schoology, Gaggle) to facilitate a web development or research project. The student will be able to:

Create and use a collaborative environment for communicating and sharing among project team members.

Create and use a social media page (e.g., Wikis, Wimba, Moodle, Edmodo, Facebook, Schoology, Gaggle) to share and publish project components (e.g., content, images, graphics, videos) for gauging visitor reaction and obtaining feedback.

Demonstrate an understanding of computer networks. The student will be able to:

Define “network” and give examples of networks used at home, school, and work.

Compare types of networks, including LAN, WAN, MAN, VPN, intranet, extranet, the Internet.

Compare common network topologies, including bus, star, ring, mesh.

Compare various network models and their advantages, including client/server, mainframe/terminal, peer-to-peer.

Compare various methods and media for network connections, including broadband, wireless, Bluetooth, cellular, satellite.

Describe the functions of various network hardware devices, including NIC, hub, switch, router, bridge, gateway, access point.

Describe the purpose of protocols, and identify the protocols commonly used in networks, including TCP/IP, DHCP, DNS, HTTP, FTP, IMAP, POP, SMTP.

Describe the purpose and function of IP addressing and distinguish between public and private IP addresses.

Describe the OSI reference model and its layers, including tracing the flow of data between two network nodes through the OSI layers.

Demonstrate proficiency in webpage development. The student will be able to:

Identify website domains, and relate a site’s domain to its purpose.

Build the site navigation scheme for a website.

Compare webpage creation using an HTML text editor to using a graphical user interface (GUI) editor.

Compare website creation using an online site builder, an offline site builder and a content management system (CMS).

Modify an existing webpage template to create an effective look and feel for a website.

Create a website using a template.

Define “HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)” and related terms, including tag element, vs.  container vs. empty tag, block-level vs. inline element, attribute value, semantic tag.

Identify HTML elements required to create webpage structure.

Create webpages using basic HTML tags (e.g., headings, lists, character styles, text alignment, tables, comments).

Use HTML to create hyperlinks to external sites.

Use HTML to insert common image file formats into webpages, and use an image as a hyperlink.

Relate basic components of a webpage (e.g. color, space, written content, typography, images, links, multimedia) to aesthetic, functional and/or usable design principals.

Explain Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) technology.

Apply CSS styles to an HTML page.

Create and/or edit animation files, and integrate them into a webpage.

Create and/or edit video files, and integrate them into a webpage

Use Dynamic HTML (DHTML) to enhance webpage interactivity.

Create and use a wiki or similar tool for collaborating among project team members.

Create and use a social media page (e.g., Facebook, Wimba, Edmodo) and/or a blog to share content and collaborate on projects.

Review webpage content, verify copyright restrictions, and create meta-data before publishing a site to the internet.

Test webpages for display, functionality, and accessibility before publishing a site to the Internet.

Validate webpage code using W3C validation tools before publishing a site to the Internet.

Define aesthetic design, and explain how aesthetics can affect a visitors’ perception of a website’s information.

Describe network issues relating to websites, including bandwidth, compression, streaming, web hosting.

Explain the purpose of File Transfer Protocol (FTP) in accessing information on the Internet.

Publish a website using FTP.

Describe website security methods, including secure server vs. unsecured served, SSL, SSH, encryption.

Demonstrate knowledge of color wheel concepts and effective use of color on a website.

Compare functional and usable design principles, and explain how usability can affect a website’s success.

Critique the aesthetic design, usability and accessibility of sample websites.

Define multimedia, and identify its role in webpage interactivity.

Explain the primary steps of the website planning process.

Apply the website planning process to plan the design for basic website.

Demonstrate proficiency in game development. The student will be able to:

Describe the role of games in modern society (e.g., education, task training, social networking, therapy, recreation).

Identify common programming languages and applications used to create computer games.

Compare sequential, iteration (loop) and selection programming structures.

Define the term algorithm (i.e., a set of repeatable steps) and how it applies to problem solving.

Create an algorithm to solve a problem or complete a task.

Use pseudo-code to model a game program’s flow.

Define logic errors and identify them in a game program or model.

Explain the types and uses of variables in game programming.

Describe basic Boolean concepts, including logical operators, order of precedence, expressions.

Describe the use of events, event handlers and functions in game programming.

Describe the use of parameters and arguments in game programming.

Identify various types of games (e.g., chance, skill, knowledge, role-playing, and storytelling).

Describe the use of objects, classes and instances in game programming.

Describe the use of properties and methods with objects in game programming.

Write appropriate code to create a simple game using structured programming.

Test and evaluate the game program you created.

Modify the game program as needed to solve a problem.

Create an animated object (i.e., sprite) to be used in a game program.

Use programming code to control the behavior of an animated object (i.e., sprite) in a game program.

Identify the steps of the design process for creating a game.

Apply the design process to solving a problem.

Analyze (deconstruct) existing games.

Identify the tools and skills needed for creating games.

Identify design criteria and constraints.

Create storyboards to model a game’s program flow and functionality.

Identify the programmer’s role in creating games.

Demonstrate proficiency in basic programming. The student will be able to:

Define “programming” and discuss its role in computing.

Solve a problem using logic by planning a strategy, designing and testing a hypothesis, and/or creating a set of step-by-step instructions to perform a task.

Define “structured programming” and discuss the advantages of this approach.

Define the three main programming control structures used in structured programming: sequential, selection (decision), and iteration (loops).

Describe iterative programming structures (e.g., while, do/while) and how they are used in programming.

Describe selection programming structures (e.g., if/then, else) and explain the logic used for if statements.

Write a simple program in pseudo-code that uses structured programming to solve a problem.

Explain the types and uses of variables in programming.

Explain basic object-oriented concepts.

Describe fundamental Boolean concepts, including Boolean algebra, operators, logic.

Create animated objects using a high-level programming environment (e.g., Alice, Greenfoot) to control their behavior.

Explain the binary representation of data and programs in computers.

Create a simple program that uses animated objects.

Convert a simple program from pseudo-code into a common high-level programming environment (e.g. Alice, Greenfoot).

Troubleshoot and debug errors in code.

Distinguish among the three types of programming languages (machine, assembly, high-level), and give examples.

Compare and contrast languages that are usually compiled (e.g., C++, Java) and interpreted (e.g., JavaScript, Python).

Describe the structure of a simple program, and explain why sequencing is important.

Write a program design document using pseudo-code that shows program flow.

Explain strategies used in problem-solving, and relate them to computer programming.

Define the term “algorithm,” and explain how it relates to problem-solving.

Explain the three types of programming errors (i.e., logic, syntax, runtime), and describe the forms of testing that can be used to locate and debug errors.

Demonstrate knowledge, skill, and application of information systems to accomplish job objectives and enhance workplace performance. The student will be able to:

Describe and use current and emerging computer technology and software to perform personal and business related tasks.

Identify and describe communications and networking systems used in workplace environments.

Locate and apply reference materials such as on-line help, vendor bulletin boards, tutorials, and manuals available for application software.

Troubleshoot problems with computer hardware peripherals and other office equipment.

Describe ethical, privacy, and security issues and problems associated with computers and information systems.

Demonstrate proficiency in using the basic features of GUI browsers.

Identify computer components and their functions. The student will be able to:

Identify the internal components of a computer (e.g., power supply, hard drive, mother board, I/O cards/ports, cabling).

Identify generic computer and programming terminology.

Demonstrate proficiency using the Internet to locate information. The student will be able to:

Identify and describe web terminology.

Define Universal Resource Locators (URLs) and associated protocols (e.g., http, ftp, telnet, mailto).

Compare and contrast the types of Internet domains (e.g., .com, .org, .edu, .gov, .net, .mil).

Describe and observe Internet/Intranet ethics and copyright laws and regulatory control.

Demonstrate proficiency using search engines, including Boolean search strategies.

Demonstrate proficiency using various web tools (e.g., downloading of files, transfer of files, telnet, PDF).

Compare and contrast the roles of web servers and web browsers.

Demonstrate proficiency using common software applications. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast the appropriate use of various software applications (e.g., word processing, desktop publishing, graphics design, web browser, e-mail, presentation, database, scheduling, financial management, Java applet, music).

Demonstrate proficiency in the use of various software applications (e.g., word processing, desktop publishing, graphics design, web browser, e-mail, presentation, database, scheduling, financial management, Java applet, music).

Develop an awareness of management functions and organizational structures as they relate to today’s workplace and employer/employee roles. The student will be able to:

Explore, design, implement, and evaluate organizational structures and cultures.

Explore and demonstrate an awareness of current trends in business and the employee’s role in maintaining productive business environments in today’s global workplace.

Collaborate with individuals and teams to complete tasks and solve business related problems and demonstrate initiative, courtesy, loyalty, honesty, cooperation, and punctuality as a team member.

Perform e-mail activities. The student will be able to:

Describe e-mail capabilities and functions.

Identify components of an e-mail message.

Identify the components of an e-mail address.

Identify when to use different e-mail options.

Attach a file to an e-mail message.

Forward an e-mail message.

Use an address book.

Reply to an e-mail message.

Use the Internet to perform e-mail activities.

Identify the appropriate use of e-mail and demonstrate related e-mail etiquette.

Identify when to include information from an original e-mail message in a response.

Identify common problems associated with widespread use of e-mail.

Demonstrate proficiency in using presentation software and equipment. The student will be able to:

Produce a presentation that includes music, animation, and digital photography and present it using appropriate technologies.

Using presentation software, create a multimedia presentation that incorporates shot and edited video, animation, music, narration and adheres to good design principles, use of transitions, and effective message conveyance.

Demonstrate knowledge of the roles and responsibilities of a multimedia production team (e.g. project manager, creative or design director, content experts, writers, graphic designers, animators, sound designers, videographer, interface designers/programmers).

Collaborate with team members to plan, edit, evaluate, and present a multimedia presentation where individuals on the team function in specific production roles.

Create a self-running presentation with synchronized audio, convert presentation slides (e.g. PowerPoint) into streaming ASF files for use on the web.

Perform decision-making activities in a multimedia environment. The student will be able to:

Determine work priorities, the audience, project budgets, project specifications, and the production schedule.

Evaluate and select appropriate software packages and multimedia tools to complete assigned tasks.

Present and defend design projects.

Demonstrate language arts knowledge and skills. The student will be able to:

Locate, comprehend and evaluate key elements of oral and written information.

Draft, revise, and edit written documents using correct grammar, punctuation and vocabulary.

Present information formally and informally for specific purposes and audiences.

Demonstrate mathematics knowledge and skills. The student will be able to:

Demonstrate knowledge of arithmetic operations.

Analyze and apply data and measurements to solve problems and interpret documents.

Construct charts/tables/graphs using functions and data.

Demonstrate science knowledge and skills. The student will be able to:

Discuss the role of creativity in constructing scientific questions, methods and explanations.

Formulate scientifically investigable questions, construct investigations, collect and evaluate data, and develop scientific recommendations based on findings.

Practice quality performance. The student will be able to:

Assess personal, peer and group performance and identify and implement strategies for improvement (e.g., organizational skills, note taking/outlining, advance organizers, reasoning skills, problem-solving skills, and decision-making skills).

Develop criteria for assessing products and processes that incorporate effective business practices (e.g., time management, productivity, total quality management).

Demonstrate an understanding of the implications of storing sensitive information. The student will be able to:

Understand what data should be encrypted.

Explain HIPAA.

List password security vulnerabilities.

Compare and contrast the levels of data classification. (e.g., restricted, confidential/private, public).

Discuss cloud vulnerabilities.

Demonstrate knowledge of different operating systems. The student will be able to:

Identify operating system file naming conventions.

Demonstrate proficiency with file management and structure (e.g., folder creation, file creation, backup, copy, delete, open, save).

Demonstrate a working knowledge of standard file formats.

Differentiate between different operating systems and applications.

Compare and contrast open source and proprietary software.

Display understanding of how system utilities help maintain a computer.

Develop a familiarity with the information technology industry. The student will be able to:

Explain how information technology impacts the operation and management of business and society.

Identify and describe the various ways of segmenting the IT industry (e.g., hardware vs. software, server vs. client, business vs. entertainment, stable vs. mobile).

Describe how digital technologies (social media) are changing both work and personal lifestyles.

Develop an awareness of microprocessors and digital computers. The student will be able to:

Explain software hierarchy and its impact on microprocessors.

Explain the need for and use of peripherals.

Demonstrate proficiency installing and using plug-and-play peripherals.

Identify the basic concepts of computer maintenance and upgrades.

Develop an awareness of programming languages. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast the various categories of programming languages how they evolved and how they are used (e.g., Assembler, Java, JavaScript and SQL).

Explain the need for and use of compilers.

Identify the three types of programming design approaches (e.g., top-down, structured, object-oriented).

Differentiate among source code, machine code, interpreters, and compilers.

Characterize the major categories of programming languages and how they are used.

Create a model flowchart for a computer program.

Create a simple computer application program using JavaScript and HTML.

Describe the stages in the software development life cycle and explain how to successfully implement them.

Develop an awareness of emerging technologies. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast emerging technologies and describe how they impact business in the global marketplace (e.g., wireless, wireless web, cell phones, portables/handhelds, smart appliances, home networks, peer-to-peer).

Adhere to published best practices for protecting personal identifiable information when using the Internet.

Identify trends related to the use of information technology in people’s personal and professional lives.

Characterize how the rapid pace of change in information technology impacts our society.

Demonstrate an understanding of the seven layers of the Open Systems Interface (OSI) model. The student will be able to:

Explain the interrelations of the seven layers of the Open Systems Interface (OSI) as it relates to hardware and software.

Describe the purpose of the OSI model and each of its layers.

Explain specific functions belonging to each OSI model layer.

Understand how two network nodes communicate through the OSI model.

Discuss the structure and purpose of data packets and frames.

Describe the two types of addressing covered by the OSI model.

Demonstrate an awareness of specialized software. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast the appropriate use of specialized software (e.g., OLTP, Computer Aided Design, Computer Aided Manufacturing, 3D animation, process control, materials management).

Research and report on the current state of specialized software (e.g., OLTP, Computer Aided Design, Computer Aided Manufacturing, 3D animation, process control, materials management).

Describe the hardware implications of using specialized software (e.g., RAM, hard drive size, CPU, storage devices).

Demonstrate proficiency using specialized computer coding software. The student will be able to:

Use specialized computer coding software to solve problems.

Demonstrate proficiency using specialized computer software (e.g., Swift, Python).

Develop an awareness of programming languages. The student will be able to:

Identify programming language design approaches.

Explain the components of programming languages.

Examine connections between elements of mathematics and computer science including binary numbers, logic, sets, and functions.

Demonstrate proficiency of using common software applications. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast the appropriate use of various software applications.

Demonstrate proficiency in the use of various software applications.

Explain why different file types exist (e.g., formats for word processing, images, music, and three-dimensional drawings).

Identify the kinds of content associated with different file types.

Demonstrate knowledge, skill, and application of information systems to accomplish job objectives and enhance workplace performance. The student will be able to:

Develop keyboarding skills to enter and manipulate text and data.

Describe and use current and emerging computer technology and software to perform personal and business related tasks.

04.03 Perform a variety of operations such as sorting, filtering, and searching in a database to organize and display information in a variety of ways such as number formats (e.g., scientific notation, percentages, and exponents) charts, tables and graphs.

Demonstrate comprehension and communication. The student will be able to:

Use listening, speaking, telecommunication and nonverbal skills and strategies to communicate effectively.

Organize ideas and communicate oral and written messages.

Collaborate with individuals and teams to complete tasks and solve information technology problems.

Demonstrate an awareness of project management concepts and tools.

Demonstrate an ability to communicate appropriately through various online tools.

Recognize that more than one algorithm can solve a given problem.

Create a program that implements an algorithm to achieve a given goal, individually and collaboratively.

Demonstrate knowledge of different operating systems. The student will be able to:

Compare and contrast various operating systems used in a computer and mobile devices (i.e., Windows, OS (Apple), UNIX, Android, iOS).

Demonstrate proficiency in using gadgets, icons, and task bars and other pre-loaded operating system programs (e.g., calculator, text editor, clock, volume controls, adding icons and shortcuts to task bar and shortcut menus).

Use iterative development and debugging to explore the problem domain.

Demonstrate proficiency in basic programming. The student will be able to:

Describe the structure of a simple program, and explain why sequencing is important.

Define the term “algorithm,” and explain how it relates to problem-solving.

Describe iterative programming structures (e.g., while, do/while) and how they are used in programming.

Describe selection programming structures (e.g., if/then, else) and explain the logic used for if statements.

Explain the types and use of variables in programming.

Write a simple program in pseudo-code that used structured programming to solve a problem.

Troubleshoot and debug errors in code.

Create, modify, and use a database (e.g., define field formats, adding new records, manipulate data) to analyze data and propose solutions for a task/problem, individually and collaboratively.

Demonstrate and understanding of the problem solving process. The student will be able to:

Identify and explain the four parts of the problem solving process (Define, Prepare, Try, and Reflect).

Describe the strategies and processes to become a more effective problem solver.

Explain how computers help people to solve problems.

Compare and contrast how people and computers approach problems differently.

Explain what a computer needs from people in order to solve problems effectively.

Identify computer components and their functions. The student will be able to:

Define "computer," and explain why it is important to have a basic understanding of how computers work.

Describe the four functions of the computing cycle (i.e., input, processing, output, storage).

Identify the internal components of a computer (e.g., case, CPU, RAM, ROM, power supply, hard drive, motherboard, expansion cards, cabling).

Identify and know how to connect various computer input devices (e.g., mouse, keyboard, phone, camera, scanner, microphone, game controller, stylus, barcode reader, finger print scanner, GPS device, touch pad, graphics tablet) and describe their use.

Identify and know how to connect various computer output devices (e.g., monitor, printer, projector, speakers, and headphones) and describe their use.

Identify and know how to connect various storage devices (e.g., flash drive, external hard drive (SSD, network drive), memory card, discs, and cloud).

Identify various computer connection ports, including USB, FireWire, parallel, serial, Ethernet (RJ-45), RJ-11, HDMI, audio.

Illustrate and correctly label the parts of a computer system.

Describe how people use computers at home, school and work.

Define the term "cloud storage" and explain the advantages and disadvantages of using cloud storage.

Demonstrate an understanding of Internet safety and ethics. The student will be able to:

Describe strong password practices and explain why such practices are needed at school, home and work.

Define “privacy” and relate it to the term “digital footprint.”

Practice cyber safety techniques to protect your personal information when using internet searches, email, chat rooms, and social network websites.

Describe cyberbullying, its impact on perpetrators and victims and ways to respond.

Describe risks associated with online gaming, and identify ways to reduce these risks.

Discuss issues related to downloading music, videos, or images from the Internet, including unethical vs. illegal actions.

Compare and contrast rules for copyright and fair use, especially in relation to using online resources for school and educational purposes.